Bonded-particle discrete element modeling of mechanical behaviors of interlayered rock mass under loading and unloading conditions

Liu, Xiong; Xu, Zhongyuan; Li, T. B.; Zhang, Y.

doi:10.1007/s40948-018-0090-x

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…They employed X-ray imaging techniques to analyze the samples after performing triaxial tests. Chu (2013), Park et al (2012Park et al ( , 2015, Zhang et al (2018), and Xiong (2019), conducted discrete element simulations on specimens with transverse isotropy or jointed con gurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of acoustic events during shear loading of layered rock bridge; Particle flow code approach

Mohammadi,

Mortezaei,

Sarfarazi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This research investigates acoustic emission (AE) phenomena during shear failure of layered rock bridges under different normal stresses using experimental punch tests and numerical simulation. Firstly, particle flow code (PFC) was calibrated by UCS and Brazilian experimental test results and then the shear behavior of the numerical model was verified by experimental punch test outputs. Finally, acoustic phenomena during shear failure of layered rock bridges were discussed. Rectangular specimens were utilized, incorporating a combination of different layers. These layers included a pairing of soft and hard materials, as well as variations such as a two-layered model comprising hard gypsum and soft gypsum. Furthermore, three-layered models were examined, featuring a soft interlayer in one case and a hard interlayer in another. Additionally, a four-layered model was employed for the investigation. In each model, two vertical edge fissures were introduced, with fissure lengths set at 20, 40, and 60 mm. The angle between bedding layers and shear loading direction was 90°. The results indicate that cracks initiate at the notch tip and propagate vertically until they meet the upper boundary. The frequency of significant Acoustic hits is tied to factors like crack initiation and material properties. Increasing the number of layers in the specimen leads to more Acoustic hits. The sequence of Acoustic hits between major hits is influenced by parameters such as bedding number and material properties. This correlation is attributed to different gypsum types on the shear surface. The findings from numerical bedding models mirror those from physical samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of acoustic events during shear loading of layered rock bridge; Particle flow code approach

Mohammadi,

Mortezaei,

Sarfarazi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…The study offers an in-depth exploration of rock deformation and characterization induced by changes in the stress field. "Various forms of rock deformation behavior have been scrutinized by researchers (Zhao et al, 2017;Rahimi and Nygaard, 2018;Davarpanah et al, 2019;Xiong et al, 2019), and the methods for estimating rock strength and deformation encompass both destructive and nondestructive techniques". As per the recommended standards of the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the direct estimation of UCS and E through laboratory-based destructive testing is recognized as a difficult, time-consuming, and expensive endeavor, especially when working with delicate, internally fractured, thin, or highly foliated rock samples (Jing et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid PSO with tree-based models for predicting uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of rock samples

Shahani,

Xiaowei,

Wei

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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The mechanical characteristics of rocks, specifically uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and elastic modulus (E), serve as crucial factors in ensuring the integrity and stability of relevant projects in mining and civil engineering. This study proposes a novel hybrid PSO (particle swarm optimization) with tree-based models, such as gradient boosting regressor (GBR), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) for predicting UCS and E of rock samples from Block IX of the Thar Coalfield in Pakistan. A total of 122 datasets were divided into training and testing sets, with an 80:20 ratio, respectively, to develop the predictive models. Key performance metrics, including the coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE), were employed to assess the model’s predictive performance. The results indicate that the PSO-XGBoost model demonstrated the highest accuracy in predicting UCS and E, outperforming the other models, which exhibited inferior predictive performance. Furthermore, this study utilized the SHAP (Shapley Additive exPlanations) machine learning method to enhance our understanding of how each input feature variable influences the output values of UCS and E. In conclusion, the proposed framework offers significant advantages in evaluating the strength and deformation of rocks at Thar Coalfield, with promising applications in the field of mining and rock engineering.

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“…The particle flow code (PFC) based on the discrete element method has emerged as a remarkable tool for examining the fracturing mechanisms of rocks under unloading conditions from a microscopic viewpoint [30,31]. Researchers such as Li et al [32], Xiong et al [33], and Yin et al [34] have utilized PFC 2D to investigate the macroscopic mechanical behavior, crack propagation, and evolution of various energy indicators in unloaded rocks, highlighting the impact of unloading rates on microscopic structural damage and fracturing. Furthermore, studies conducted by Zhang [35], Zheng et al [36], and Uxia et al [37] using PFC 3D have explored the initiation, propagation, connectivity, and spatial distribution of microcracks in rocks during unloading, revealing that the unloading effect contributes to post-peak damage and failure in rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Confining Pressure on the Macro- and Microscopic Mechanisms of Diorite under Triaxial Unloading Conditions

Duan,

Yang,

2024

Buildings

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In this study, the response mechanism between macro- and microscales of deep hard-rock diorite is investigated under loading and unloading conditions. Moreover, the statistical theory is combined with particle flow code simulations to establish a correlation between unloading rates observed in laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. Subsequent numerical tests under varying confining pressures are conducted to examine the macroscopic mechanical properties and the evolution of particle velocity, displacement, contact force chain failures, and microcracks in both axial and radial directions of the numerical rock samples during the loading and unloading phases. The findings indicate that the confining pressure strength curve displays an instantaneous fluctuation response during unloading, which intensifies with higher initial confining pressures. This suggests that rock sample damage progresses in multiple stages of expansion and penetration. The study also reveals that with increased initial confining pressure, there is a decrease in particle velocity along the unloading direction and an increase in particle displacement and the number of contact force chain failures, indicating more severe radial expansion of the rock sample. Furthermore, microcracks predominantly accumulate near the unloading surface, and their total number escalates with rising confining pressure, suggesting that higher confining pressures promote the development and expansion of internal microcracks.

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Bonded-particle discrete element modeling of mechanical behaviors of interlayered rock mass under loading and unloading conditions

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Investigation of acoustic events during shear loading of layered rock bridge; Particle flow code approach

Investigation of acoustic events during shear loading of layered rock bridge; Particle flow code approach

Hybrid PSO with tree-based models for predicting uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of rock samples

Effect of Confining Pressure on the Macro- and Microscopic Mechanisms of Diorite under Triaxial Unloading Conditions

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