Bone and liver scans in patients with head and neck carcinoma

Belson, Thomas P.; Lehman, Roger H.; Chobanian, Susan L.; Malin, Thomas C.

doi:10.1288/00005537-198008000-00005

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Screening for bone metastases by bone scintigraphy revealed four patients with bone metastases. In initial staging using bone scintigraphy, bone metastases were found in 1% to 4% of head and neck cancer patients 17–21 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bone scintigraphy is still the most sensitive technique for detection of bone metastases, but a positive bone scintigram is nonspecific. 20 Plain x‐ray films (sometimes in combination with CT and MRI) and open biopsy may be helpful in determining the kind of lesion. 4,21 The high incidence of inconclusive evidence of bone metastases necessitates additional examinations and, consequently, delay, costs, and confusion for patients and physicians.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the performance of bone scintigraphy for metastatic workup in head and neck cancer patients without clinical symptoms seems to be generally unnecessary. 13,17–21 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening for Distant Metastases in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

et al. 2000

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Objectives: The detection of distant metastases at initial evaluation may alter the selection of therapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this study the value of screening for distant metastases is evaluated. Study Design: Retrospective analysis. Methods: The results of screening for distant metastases were retrospectively analyzed in 101 consecutive HNSCC patients with high-risk factors who were scheduled for major surgery. All patients had computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax, bone scintigraphy, examination of the liver by ultrasound and/or CT scan, and blood tests. Results: Distant metastases were found in 17% of the patients. Patients with four or more clinical lymph node metastases or low jugular lymph node metastases had the highest incidence of distant metastases (33%). CT scan of the thorax detected in 12 patients, lung metastases; in 4, mediastinal lymph node metastases; and in 2, primary lung tumors. Bone scintigraphy detected in four patients bone metastases; in all four patients lung or mediastinal lymph node metastases were also found. Ultrasound and/or CT scan of the liver revealed one patient with metastases. Blood tests did not show any significant difference between patients with or without bone or liver metastases. Conclusions: Screening in patients with three or more lymph node metastases, bilateral lymph node metastases, lymph nodes of 6 cm or larger, low jugular lymph node metastases, locoregional tumor recurrence, and second primary tumors revealed distant metastases in 10% or more. CT scan of the thorax is currently the single most important diagnostic technique for screening of distant metastases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening for Distant Metastases in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

et al. 2000

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“…Bone scintigraphy is the most sensitive diagnostic technique for detecting bone metastases, but a positive bone scintigram is nonspecific [18]. CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and open or needle biopsy may be helpful in determining the nature of the lesion.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Tests to Evaluate Distant Metastases in Head and Neck Cancer

Ferlito

Buckley²,

Rinaldo³

et al. 2001

ORL

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Investigation for distant metastases is part of the staging process of a primary tumor or recurrent disease before treatment. The lung is the most frequent site followed by bone and liver. Advanced stage and cervical metastases are the most important predictors of metastases. Almost all distant metastases are associated with lung metastases. Computed tomography scan of the chest is the single most effective investigation. The value of routine screening tests is questionable and merits further investigation.

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“…Conventional radionuclide methods (bone, brain and liver scan) have been used in staging head and neck malignancies (15)(16)(17). In a retrospective analysis of liver, bone and brain metastases of 281 such patients (15) only bone scintigraphy proved useful for detecting skeletal metastases, and for detection and staging of other metastases there exist other more sensitive radiological techniques-e.g.…”

Section: (2)mentioning

confidence: 99%