Bone composition: relationship to bone fragility and antiosteoporotic drug effects

Boskey, Adele L.

doi:10.1038/bonekey.2013.181

Cited by 337 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…In bone, collagen is produced by osteoblastic cells during the assembly of the ECM and accounts for ≈90% of the organic component. [31] As such, its simultaneous deposition with the early mineral can be used as an indication of early ossification. Spectral analysis of constructs which had just completed undergoing the contraction phase (7 d), revealed that the CH 2 band was accompanied by other bands such as amides I and III (1646 and 1316 cm −1 , respectively), proline and hydroxyproline (861 and 872 cm −1 , respectively), major components of collagen, and later, at day 12, by phosphate compounds in the central and interface regions, indicative of mineral formation and co-localized with the organic components (Figure 3b).…”

Section: New Matrix Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An In Vitro Model for the Development of Mature Bone Containing an Osteocyte Network

et al. 2017

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Bone is a dynamic tissue that remodels continuously in response to local mechanical and chemical stimuli. This process can also result in maladaptive ectopic bone in response to injury, yet pathological differences at the molecular and structural levels are poorly understood. A number of in vivo models exist but can often be too complex to allow isolation of factors which may stimulate disease progression. A self‐structuring model of bone formation is presented using a fibrin gel cast between two calcium phosphate ceramic anchors. Femoral periosteal cells, seeded into these structures, deposit an ordered matrix that closely resembles mature bone in terms of chemistry (collagen:mineral ratio) and structure, which is adapted over a period of one year in culture. Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction confirm that the mineral is hydroxyapatite associated with collagen. Second‐harmonic imaging demonstrates that collagen is organized similarly to mature mouse femora. Remarkably, cells differentiated to the osteocyte phase are linked by canaliculi (as demonstrated with nano‐computed tomography) and remained viable over the full year of culture. It is demonstrated that novel drugs can prevent ossification in constructs. This model can be employed to study bone formation in an effort to encourage or prevent ossification in a range of pathologies.

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Section: New Matrix Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An In Vitro Model for the Development of Mature Bone Containing an Osteocyte Network

et al. 2017

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“…Most of these proteins are not exclusive of bone, however some of them, such as osteocalcin, osteonectin, osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase, play fundamental roles in bone [25,26,28]. Generally, part of these proteins play a structural and mechanical role and other non-collagenous proteins modulate functions of different bone cells by interacting with their cell-surface receptors, proteases, hormones, and other biomolecules including proteoglycans and collagens.…”

Section: Organic Phase Of Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type I collagen is essential in the bone since it provides elasticity to the tissue, stabilize the extracellular matrix (ECM), acting as a template to initial mineral deposition and binds to other macromolecules [28]. This molecule consists in a unique triple helical molecule, forming spaces within the collagen fibrils [29].…”

Section: Organic Phase Of Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic and Marine-Derived Porous Bone Graft Substitutes

Neto¹,

Ferreira²

2018

Preprint

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Bone is a dynamic tissue with the capacity of repair and regeneration in specific conditions. Nevertheless, due to the increased incidence of bone disorders, the need of bone grafts has been growing over the past decades and the development of a bone graft with optimal properties remains a clinical challenge. This review addresses the bone properties (morphology, composition and their repair and regeneration capacity) and then is focused on the potential strategies for bone repair and regeneration. It describes the requirements for designing a suitable scaffold material, types of materials (polymers, ceramics and composites) and techniques to obtain the porous structures (additive manufacturing techniques/robocasting or derived from marine skeletons) for bone tissue engineering applications. The main objective of this review is to gather the knowledge on the materials and methods for the production of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and highlight that natural materials, namely the marine skeletons represent a promising alternative.

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“…3 and Table 3). [115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129] The principles governing the mineralization of biological tissues, or those preventing it from mineralizing, have evolved over millions of years into robust mechanisms that function under a variety of environmental challenges. A detailed understanding of such principles is naturally inspiring new approaches in engineering.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A materials science vision of extracellular matrix mineralization

et al. 2016

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From an engineering perspective, skeletal tissues are remarkable structures in that they are lightweight, stiff and tough, yet produced at ambient conditions. The biomechanical success of skeletal tissues is largely attributable to the process of biomineralization -a tightly regulated, cell-driven formation of billions of inorganic nanocrystals formed from ions found abundantly in body fluids. In this Review, we discuss nature's strategies to produce and sustain appropriate biomechanical properties in mineralizing (by promotion of mineralization) and nonmineralizing (by inhibition of mineralization) tissues. We review how perturbations of biomineralization are controlled over a continuum which spans from the desirable (or defective in disease) mineralization of the skeleton, to pathological cardiovascular mineralization, and to mineralization of bioengineered constructs. A materials science vision of mineralization is presented with an emphasis on the micro-and nanostructure of mineralized tissues recently revealed by state-of-the-art analytical methods, and on how biomineralization-inspired designs are impacting the field of synthetic materials. Web summaryComplex mechanisms are at play in the biomineralization of skeletal tissues and in patholological calcification in the cardiovascular system. In this Review, the physiochemical and biomechanical properties of mineralized tissues, both physiologic and pathophysiologic, and analytical methods to elucidate their finer structure are discussed.

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Bone composition: relationship to bone fragility and antiosteoporotic drug effects

Cited by 337 publications

References 106 publications

An In Vitro Model for the Development of Mature Bone Containing an Osteocyte Network

An In Vitro Model for the Development of Mature Bone Containing an Osteocyte Network

Synthetic and Marine-Derived Porous Bone Graft Substitutes

A materials science vision of extracellular matrix mineralization

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