Bone Density and Long Bone Representation in Archaeological Faunas: Comparing Results from CT and Photon Densitometry

Lam, Y. M.; Chen, Xingbin; Marean, Curtis W.; Frey, Carol J.

doi:10.1006/jasc.1997.0256

Cited by 122 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…These results support the claims made by Morlan (1994), Lam et al (1998), Marean and Kim (1998), Marean (1998), Marean and Frey (1997), Bartram and Marean (1999), Milo (1998), Costamagno (2002), Barba and Domínguez-Rodrigo, (2005), Pickering et al (2003) and Marean et al (2004) that when shafts are not included the profiles obtained are incomplete and frequently biased. We have also observed that the inclusion of shafts in element frequencies affects the estimation of upper limb bones more than intermediate and lower limb bones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The elaboration of superiorly placed hierarchical measuring units such as MAU (minimum animal units) and MNI (minimum number of individuals) depend tightly on a correct quantification of MNE. For long limb bones, the exclusion of shafts in the counting of elements can have serious consequences, as shown by Morlan (1994), Lam et al (1998), Marean and Kim (1998), Marean (1998), Marean and Frey (1997), Bartram and Marean (1999), Milo (1998), Costamagno (2002), Barba and Domínguez-Rodrigo (2005), Pickering et al (2003) and Marean et al (2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, any trends subjected to specific stages of human evolution could theoretically be detected. We will follow methodological criteria outlined in Morlan (1994), Lam et al (1998), Marean and Kim (1998), Marean (1998), Marean and Frey (1997), Bartram and Marean (1999), Milo (1998), Costamagno (2002), Barba and Domínguez-Rodrigo (2005), Pickering et al (2003) and Marean et al (2004). We will compare skeletal profiles when using ends alone to those derived by the use of ends plus shafts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The shaft‐based methodological approach to the quantification of long limb bones and its relevance to understanding hominid subsistence in the Pleistocene: application to four Palaeolithic sites

Yravedra

Domı́nguez-Rodrigo

2008

J Quaternary Science

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The present work contributes to the debate of skeletal part use in archaeology to reconstruct hominid economic behaviour during the Pleistocene. It doubles the sample of sites where comparison of long limb bone element quantification is made by using alternative identification techniques based on epiphyses and epiphyses plus shafts. A refined method of long limb element quantification using shafts is discussed and applied to four sites representing different time periods from the end of the Middle Pleistocene to the end of the Upper Pleistocene. It is shown that when long limb elements are properly quantified a hypothesis of early access to carcasses at these sites can be supported. The data thus drawn are also used to compare skeletal part evenness across the time periods represented by the four sites selected. The results indicate low-cost transport decisions by hominids at these sites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The shaft‐based methodological approach to the quantification of long limb bones and its relevance to understanding hominid subsistence in the Pleistocene: application to four Palaeolithic sites

Yravedra

Domı́nguez-Rodrigo

2008

J Quaternary Science

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“…The skeletal preservation %MAU by anatomical segments related with bone density (from Lam et al, 1998) indicates the kind of preservation (natural/intervention of an agent).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The faunal remains have not been imported by soil processes. The skeletal preservation on %MAU by anatomical segments related with bone density (from Lam et al, 1998) indicates the degree of preservation: either a natural process or influenced by predators. For layers 6, 5, 4 and 3, the index number of correlation was obtained from the statistical relationship between variables.…”

Section: Preservation Of Dorochivtsy III Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zooarchaeology of the layers from Dorochivtsy III (Ukraine)

Demay

Patou‐Mathis

Koulakovska³

2015

Quaternary International

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a b s t r a c tPalaeolithic archaeological sites of the Western Ukraine are clustered along the Prut and Dniester Rivers. Different sites provided data enabling reconstruction of the paleoenvironment, chronology and cultures of human group during the Upper Paleolithic (notably Molodova V). During the second part of the Pleniglacial, between 23 000 and 20 000 years BP, palaeoclimatic variations took place. The intensification of cold and arid conditions is liable to force human groups to adapt to a changing environment. Little is known about this period, with only a few assemblages. Ongoing excavations continue to provide new data. The archaeological site of Dorochivtsy III has an important sequence stratigraphy with several archaeological layers. Among the seven Upper Palaeolithic layers, layers 6, 5, 4 and 3 testify to activities of a human group during the Upper Pleniglacial. We studied the faunal assemblages applying zooarchaeological methods, identifying mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), horse (Equus sp.) and fox (Alopex lagopus/Vulpes vulpes). The Gravettian layers 3, 4, 5 have anthropogenic clues in connection with subsistence activities oriented on reindeer, then horses, and finally fox. Concerning mammoths, we cannot define the modes of acquisition and use. These occupations have been interpreted as recurrent hunting occupations linked to procurement of local flint and lithic production for butchering activities. Layer 6 dated to 22 330 ± 100 BP is remarkable because of previously unseen practises. The lithic assemblage combined with bone industry and engraved tusk is a novel set of cultural elements in this area, called ancient Epigravettian. This layer testifies to the diversity of human activities during the Upper Pleniglacial and to the particular status of mammoth ivory as an artistic medium. Palynological data and taphonomic observations on bones indicate the persistence of relatively moist conditions during some periods, which could favour the movement of human groups. Although little is known about the Upper Pleniglacial period, Dorochivtsy III testifies to the continuity of a large exploitation of the territory of the Dniester valley.

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Zooarcheological evidence for the faunal exploitation behavior of Neandertals and early modern humans

1999

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Bone Density and Long Bone Representation in Archaeological Faunas: Comparing Results from CT and Photon Densitometry

Cited by 122 publications

References 54 publications

The shaft‐based methodological approach to the quantification of long limb bones and its relevance to understanding hominid subsistence in the Pleistocene: application to four Palaeolithic sites

The shaft‐based methodological approach to the quantification of long limb bones and its relevance to understanding hominid subsistence in the Pleistocene: application to four Palaeolithic sites

Zooarchaeology of the layers from Dorochivtsy III (Ukraine)

Zooarcheological evidence for the faunal exploitation behavior of Neandertals and early modern humans

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