Bone health: biology and nutrition

Rizzoli, René; Chevalley, Thierry

doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000988

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…There are several factors underlying the impact of weight loss on bone health, including clinical, medical, behavioral, nutritional, and genetic variables (i.e., reduced mechanical load, loss of muscle mass, and changes in the secretion of gut hormones and adipokines) [ 5 , 6 ]. Indeed, nutritional aspects, including dietary patterns and strategies are among the modifiable lifestyle factors related to bone health [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Some studies showed that people with overweight and obesity have greater bone mineral density (BMD) when compared to individuals with normal weight [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Restricted Eating and Bone Health: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Fernández-Rodríguez,

Garrido-Miguel,

Bizzozero-Peroni

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Time-restricted eating (TRE) has emerged as a dietary strategy that restricts food consumption to a specific time window and is commonly applied to facilitate weight loss. The benefits of TRE on adipose tissue have been evidenced in human trials and animal models; however, its impact on bone tissue remains unclear. To systematically synthesize and examine the evidence on the impact of TRE on bone health (bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and bone turnover factors), PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases were systematically explored from inception to 1 October 2023 searching for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed at determining the effects of TRE on bone health in adults (≥18 years). The Cochrane Handbook and the PRISMA recommendations were followed. A total of seven RCTs involving 313 participants (19 to 68 years) were included, with an average length of 10.5 weeks (range: 4 to 24 weeks). Despite the significant weight loss reported in five out of seven studies when compared to the control, our meta-analysis showed no significant difference in BMD (g/cm2) between groups (MD = −0.009, 95% CI: −0.026 to 0.009, p = 0.328; I2 = 0%). BMC and bone turnover markers between TRE interventions and control conditions were not meta-analyzed because of scarcity of studies (less than five). Despite its short-term benefits on cardiometabolic health, TRE did not show detrimental effects on bone health outcomes compared to those in the control group. Nevertheless, caution should be taken when interpreting our results due to the scarcity of RCTs adequately powered to assess changes in bone outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Restricted Eating and Bone Health: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Fernández-Rodríguez,

Garrido-Miguel,

Bizzozero-Peroni

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Nutrition and Osteoporosis Prevention

Rizzoli,

Chevalley

2024

Curr Osteoporos Rep

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Purpose of Review Osteoporosis affects 50% of women and 20% of men after the age of 50. Fractures are associated with significant morbidity, increased mortality and altered quality of life. Lifestyle measures for fragility fracture prevention include good nutrition including adequate protein and calcium intakes, vitamin D sufficiency, and regular weight bearing physical exercise. Recent Findings Dietary protein is one of the most important nutritional considerations as it affects bone mineral density, trabecular and cortical microstructure, and bone strength. When calcium intake is sufficient, higher dietary protein intake is associated with lower risk of fracture. Dairy products are a valuable source of calcium and high quality protein. Dairy product consumption, particularly fermented dairy products, are associated with a lower risk of hip fracture and vegan diets are associated with increased fracture risk. Other dietary factors associated with reduced fracture risk include at least 5 servings per day of fruits and vegetables, regular tea drinking, adherence to a Mediterranean diet and other dietary patterns which provide fibers, polyphenols and fermented dairy products. Such dietary patterns may confer health benefits through their effect on gut microbiota composition and/or function. Summary A balanced diet including minerals, protein, fruits and vegetables is an important element in the prevention of osteoporosis and of fragility fracture.

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