Bone lesions in a Late Pleistocene assemblage of the insular deer Candiacervus sp.II from Liko cave (Crete, Greece)

Lyras, George; Giannakopoulou, Aggeliki; Lillis, Theodoros; Veis, Alexander; Papadopoulos, Georgios C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2016.04.004

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The diet of the average dwarf Candiacervus stag certainly was not poor in minerals (except for a singular population or site, mentioned in Dermitzakis et al, 2006). This is confirmed by the overall very low percentage of nutrient-related pathological antlers (three out of hundreds of antlers from Liko and Gerani cave; de Vos, 1984) and the very low prevalence rate (below 5%) of possibly nutrition-based degenerative lesions in skeletal elements from Liko Cave (Lyras et al, 2016).…”

Section: Health and Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 82%

Uniformity in variety: Antler morphology and evolution in a predator-free environment

Geer

2018

Palaeontol Electron

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The Late Pleistocene mammal fauna of Crete was impoverished, as typical for oceanic islands, and consisted only of deer, dwarf elephants, an otter, a shrew and giant mice. Dwarf deer (Candiacervus spp.) were the dominant endemic herbivorous species. Here, I describe the adult antler morphology of this deer. Antler variety appears to be remarkably large, yet a few concise morphological groups without intermediate forms can be recognized, likely representing separate species. Antler variety is not a product of random variation induced by ecological release in a predator-free environment. Three new species are described here (Candiacervus spp. nov.), differing in antler and skull morphology, and the diagnosis of existing species (C. ropalophorus, C. rethymnensis) is emended based on new material. Antler variation can be explained by two evolutionary trends: showiness versus a classic fighting type. Divergence is driven and accelerated by intra-specific competition among males. The classic type is best explained as a result of allometric down-scaling during dwarfism. The display type is best explained as a result of restructuring of antler bauplan (simplification and extreme elongation of the main beam). Under predator-free scenarios, deer have the potential to evolve antler morphologies and behavioural changes unknown on the mainland.

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Section: Health and Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 82%

Uniformity in variety: Antler morphology and evolution in a predator-free environment

Geer

2018

Palaeontol Electron

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“…These inferences of extinct taxa rely on our understanding of the histology of extant species (e.g., Köhler et al, 2012), which has shown that key life history traits like birth, growth rate, age at maturity, and age at death are recorded in the bone microstructure (Amprino, 1947; Chinsamy et al, 1995; de Margerie et al, 2002; Castanet et al, 2004; Chinsamy and Valenzuela, 2008; Erismis and Chinsamy, 2010; Marín-Moratalla et al, 2013; Kolb et al, 2015b; Jordana et al, 2016; Nacarino-Meneses et al, 2016a; Montoya-Sanhueza and Chinsamy, 2017; Nacarino-Meneses and Köhler, 2018). In extinct mammals, palaeohistological investigations have focussed on bones of extinct rodents (Geiger et al, 2013; Kolb et al, 2015b; Orlandi-Oliveras et al, 2016; Garrone et al, 2019; Miszkiewicz et al, 2019, 2020), lagomorphs (Kolb et al, 2015b; Moncunill-Solé et al, 2016), hedgehogs (Kolb et al, 2015b), wombats (Walker et al, 2020), hippos (Kolb et al, 2015b), seals (Woolley et al, 2019), bovids (Köhler and Moyà-Solà, 2009; Marín-Moratalla et al, 2011), cervids (Amson et al, 2015; Kolb et al, 2015a; Lyras et al, 2016, 2019), ursids (Veitschegger et al, 2018), and equids (Sander and Andrássy, 2006; Martínez-Maza et al, 2014; Orlandi-Oliveras et al, 2018; Nacarino-Meneses and Orlandi-Oliveras, 2019; Zedda et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone histology, palaeobiology, and early diagenetic history of extinct equids from Turkey

et al. 2020

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Bone histology has proved to be a valuable tool to obtain information about the palaeobiology and early taphonomic history of fossil vertebrates. However, there are still many extinct taxa for which bone histology studies could be applied to deduce information about their life history and early diagenetic changes. Here, we partially fill this gap by studying bone microstructure and bone micropreservation in the third metapodia of Hipparion and Equus recovered from several Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene localities in Turkey. Our histological analysis reveals that most of the bone cortices under study are composed of a well-vascularized fibrolamellar bone. Furthermore, we record the presence of compact coarse cancellous bone in a Hipparion metatarsal. In terms of histological preservation, our findings provide supporting evidence that differences in moisture, oxygen, and/or temperature during fossilisation at the different localities impacted the quality of bone preservation. Bacterial bioerosion was extensive in the samples, and we also identified a specific tunnelling morphology that we tentatively consider to be damage caused by freshwater algae. The present study provides novel insight into the palaeobiology and early diagenetic history of extinct horses from Turkey and sets the stage for further research in this area.

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“…The diet of the average dwarf Candiacervus stag certainly was not poor in minerals (except for a singular population or site, mentioned in Dermitzakis et al, 2006). This is confirmed by the overall very low percentage of nutrient-related pathological antlers (three out of hundreds of antlers from Liko and Gerani cave;de Vos, 1984) and the very low prevalence rate (below 5%) of possibly nutrition-based degenerative lesions in skeletal elements from Liko Cave (Lyras et al, 2016). FIGURE 15.…”

Section: Health and Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 82%

The historical archive of the Palaeontological Collection Of Tübingen, Germany

Hinz

Werneburg

2019

Palaeontol Electron

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Bone lesions in a Late Pleistocene assemblage of the insular deer Candiacervus sp.II from Liko cave (Crete, Greece)

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Uniformity in variety: Antler morphology and evolution in a predator-free environment

Uniformity in variety: Antler morphology and evolution in a predator-free environment

Bone histology, palaeobiology, and early diagenetic history of extinct equids from Turkey

The historical archive of the Palaeontological Collection Of Tübingen, Germany

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