Bone marrow and peripheral blood expression of ID1 in human gastric carcinoma patients is a bona fide indicator of lymph node and peritoneal metastasis

Abstract

Recent studies have showed that the bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells play critical roles in metastasis and that ID1 is required in metastasis as regulator of angiogenesis. Therefore, we investigated the clinical significance of ID1 mRNA expression in bone marrow and peripheral samples in patients with gastric cancer. Two hundred and eighty-nine bone marrow and 196 peripheral blood samples from gastric cancer patients were collected and analysed by quantitative RT -PCR for ID1. The ID1 protein expression in one bone marrow, three metastatic lymph nodes and three peritoneal disseminated tumours was examined by immunohistochemical methods. In both bone marrow and peripheral blood samples, ID1 mRNA expression in the metastatic group was significantly higher than in any other group (P ¼ 0.003, P ¼ 0.0001, respectively) and significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. The cells in bone marrow with metastatic cancer stained strongly with ID1 compared with those of healthy volunteers. The expression of ID1 mRNA in bone marrow and peripheral blood was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and peritoneal dissemination, and therefore constitutes a predictable marker for lymph node metastasis and peritoneal dissemination.

Effect of expressions of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1B on peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer

“…The malignancy of GC is associated a T1, tumor invading lamina propria mucosae, or laminae muscularis mucosae, or submucosa; T2, tumor invading muscularis propria; T3, tumor invading subserous layer of connective tissue; and T4, tumor invading membranae serosa, or adjacent tissues b lymph node metastasis: N0, no regional lymph node metastasis; N1, 1-2 regional lymph node metastasis; N2, 3-6 regional lymph node metastasis; and N3, ≥7 regional lymph node metastasis with factors of histological tumor grade, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis, and multivariate analysis is employed to investigate risk factors for peritoneal metastasis by selecting these factors as variables [33]. A published report suggested that inhibitor of differentiation-1 expression in GC patients was significant associated with tumor size and depth of tumor invasion, thereby affecting the incidence of lymph node metastasis and peritoneal metastasis [34]. Stromal cell-derived factor levels expressed in GC were related to tumor aggressiveness including increased tumor size, distant metastasis and advanced stage, which to some extent stimulated peritoneal dissemination from GC and exacerbated the disease [35].…”

Gene expression of bone morphogenic protein 8B in the primary site, peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with gastric cancer

“…Approval for the study was obtained from the ethics committee of the National Cancer Center Hospital and documented informed consent was obtained from all patients. The aspirations of the bone marrow and peripheral blood were conducted under general anesthesia prior to surgery, as described previously (7,8). The bone marrow aspirate was obtained from the sternum using a bone marrow aspiration needle and the peripheral blood was obtained through a venous catheter.…”

“…A high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1) and inhibitors of DNA binding-1 (ID1) in the bone marrow has previously been shown to be associated with metastatic gastric cancer, indicating that bone marrow may play an active role in the metastasis of this disease (7,8). Tumor-derived secreted factors, including VEGF-A, lysyl oxidase and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, affect the bone marrow, leading to the development of metastasis (9–11).…”

Overexpression of SULT2B1b Promotes Angiogenesis in Human Gastric Cancer

“…Recent studies have shown that angiogenesis in GC is a key step of metastasis [33]. Besides proteins, expressions of many non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA and long non-coding RNAs, were also shown to be altered in GC metastasis [34,35], which could potentially serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of GC [36].…”