Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Combined with in Situ Forming Bioresorbable Gel Enhances Intervertebral Disc Regeneration in Rabbits

Abstract

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Selective Retention of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells with Gelatin Sponge for Repair of Intervertebral Disc Defects after Microendoscopic Discectomy: A Prospective Controlled Study and 2-Year Follow-Up

“…In addition, the concentration of various growth factors (BMP-2, IGF-1, and PDGF) produced by the cells also increased significantly (4.47-, 4.72-, and 2.84-fold, respectively). Although the culture-expanded methods increase the number of MSCs by 3,600-fold, two previous animal studies demonstrated that a similar therapeutic effect was observed using either a 3-4 times cell concentration or culture-expanded MSCs [37,38]. The safety of MSC therapy is controversial which is largely due to the lack of adequate evidence.…”

Combination of ultra-purified stem cells with an in situ-forming bioresorbable gel enhances intervertebral disc regeneration

“…3,4,8,11À14,16 To identify the course of post-surgical IVD degeneration from the onset, we generated a rabbit model of IVD degeneration. 2,15 We demonstrated that following discectomy, the use of UPAL gel alone suppressed IVD degeneration compared to the extent of degeneration without UPAL gel treatment. Additionally, the combination of allogenic BMSCs and UPAL gel was more effective at inducing IVD regeneration compared to UPAL alone.…”

“…18 A carrier biomaterial is necessary to prevent cell leakage during discectomy. 2,15 To date, no biomaterials have been clinically approved for this purpose because each biomaterial did not meet criteria for both biologic and mechanical safety. We had previously developed an original, acellular, bioresorbable, ultra-purified alginate (UPAL) gel to repair IVD degeneration in small 2,3,15,16 and large animal models in vivo.…”

“…3 This material gelates within 5 min in situ via calcium ion-mediated crosslinking and exhibits appropriate biomechanical characteristics, without resulting in material protrusion after discectomy. 3,15 In addition, the UPAL gel showed a lack of immunogenicity during in vivo biological safety testing, performed according to International Organization for Standardization and Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)…”

Repair of spinal cord injury in rats via exosomes from bone mesenchymal stem cells requires sonic hedgehog

“…Recently, the research of stem cell transplantation in SCI therapies has been increasingly deepened, showing a good application prospect [ 5 , 6 ]. The mesenchymal stem cells of the bone marrow (BMSCs) are a kind of multi-potential stem cells with self-renewal ability [ 7 ]. It was previously assumed that the system of transplantation of stem cells to promote repair lies in homing, and in finding the replacement for tissue that has been damaged after identifying the differentiating factors.…”