Bone marrow transplant and pediatric multiple myeloma

Abstract

Multiple myeloma is a malignant plasma cell disorder that is rare in the pediatric population, with only approximately 0.3% of cases diagnosed before the age of 30. In this report, we present two patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma between the ages of 12 and 16. Their respective treatment regimens are discussed, including the use of both autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplant.

Case Report: Multiple Vertebral Compression Fractures in 14-Year-Old Children With Multiple Myeloma

“…Two pediatric patients aged 12 and 16 years old with MM were treated with allogeneic SCT following autologous transplant. The 12-year-old patient recovered without progression of disease at 10-year follow-up, whereas the other passed away due to recurrent disease several months later after his second transplant (10). Another case of a 17-year-old girl with a stable clinical condition at 14-month follow-up indicates generic bortezomib based regimen coupled with SCT is a good treatment option for MM with low cost (12).…”

“…MM is the second most common hematological malignancy after non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1-3). The median age at diagnosis of MM is nearly 70 years and it is very rare in juvenile with approximately thirty cases younger than 15 years (5,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In this article, we report a case of an extremely rare clinical presentation of MM in a 14-year-old boy with multiple pathologic fractures, which, to our best knowledge, is the youngest Chinese case in the literature to present with MM (7).…”

“…This possibly due to the implementation of novel regimens and hematopoietic SCT in younger patients. On review of the literature, there were only few juvenile cases of pediatric MM who were treated with ASCT after induction therapy with good response (9,10,12). A case of an 8-year-old child diagnosed with MM achieved a very good partial response with a 92% reduction of the monoclonal component after ASCT (9).…”

Unveiling the Uncommon: A Unique Case of ALPS-like Syndrome Complicated by Plasma Cell Disorder

“…11 For instance, a 12-yearold patient received the usual tri-therapy with an autologous HSCT followed by a 10/10 matched sibling allogeneic HSCT for relapsing stage 1 MM and is now 10 years free of progression. 12 Also, an 8-year-old patient with MM had a partial response with a 92% reduction of monoclonal components after allogeneic HSCT. 4 Finally, a 16-year-old patient with a stage 3 MM also received the tri-therapy, had a double autologous HSCT followed 2 months later with an allogeneic 10/10 matched sibling-related HSCT relapsed 7 months later, and had a mismatched double cord transplant.…”

“…In a retrospective multicenter study of 52 MM patients diagnosed between 8 and 30 y.o, younger patients demonstrated a good prognosis compared with the general MM population 11 . For instance, a 12-year-old patient received the usual tri-therapy with an autologous HSCT followed by a 10/10 matched sibling allogeneic HSCT for relapsing stage 1 MM and is now 10 years free of progression 12 . Also, an 8-year-old patient with MM had a partial response with a 92% reduction of monoclonal components after allogeneic HSCT 4 .…”