Bone-mineral content, surface hardness, and mechanical fixation in the human radius. A correlative study.

Fully Threaded Versus Partially Threaded Screws: Determining Shear in Cancellous Bone Fixation

“…This has caused widespread popularity for surgeons in the fixation of fractures involving metaphyseal trabeculation. Multiple studies have validated the difference in screw mechanics and strength (11,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). However, none of these studies have substantiated the shear between a fully threaded and partially threaded cancellous screw.…”

Intramedullary fibular graft and quadricortical plate fixation in atrophic non-union of the osteoporotic humerus

“…This depends on the quality of the bone. 1,9,10 The quality of the bone is compromised by advanced age or postmenopausal status and by disuse during previous treatment lines of the fracture. Methylmethacrylate bone cement has been used to augment screw fixation but it may have harmful effects on the blood supply of the bone and on healing of the fracture, especially if it extrudes from the holes of the plate into the fracture site.…”

Measurement of Orthopedic Cortical Bone Screw Insertion Performance in Cadaver Bone and Model Materials

“…In all of these studies, the authors noted the high degree of variability of cadaveric specimens and cited this as a limitation of their studies or motivation for conducting similar experiments in bone models or analogs [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Many of these studies were focused on areas other than long bones such as maxillofacial screws and spinal pedicle screws where screw geometries and cortical bone properties differ from cortical bone screws utilized in long bones [2-5, 9, 14, 16].…”

“…Several investigators evaluated screw insertion into cadaveric long bones but, unfortunately, the focus of these studies was to evaluate screw failure, via strip, overtorque or pull/push out and thus very little effort is devoted to the measurement and reporting of insertion torque [6,8]. Furthermore, these studies often used unicortical insertion models, with a few noted exceptions where bicortical fixation was investigated [7,9,15,17].…”