Bone mineral density in men with and without the metabolic syndrome

Abstract

The objective of this study was to measure bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged men with and without the metabolic syndrome according to the International diabetes federation (IDF) definition from 2005. We studied 80 men (mean age: 51.9 +/- 9.0 y, mean body mass index (BMI): 32.0 +/- 1.7 kg/m2) with and 92 men without the metabolic syndrome (mean age: 52.6 +/- 15.1 y, mean BMI: 24.9 +/- 2.8 kg/m2). Height (cm), weight (kg), waist circumference (cm) and blood pressure were measured. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and blood lipids were determined. BMD at the lumbar spine and total hip was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry on a Hologic QDR 4500 bone densitometer. In men around 59.3% had a waist circumference > 94 cm (abdominal obesity). Among them 58.7% showed abnormal BP values. Around 30.7% had FPG > or = 5.6 mmol/L and 22.7% had low high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and 36.6% had hypertriglyceridemia. In men with the metabolic syndrome, mean lumbar spine BMD was 0.986 +/- 0.210 g/cm2 and total hip BMD - 1.012 +/- 0.209 g/cm2. The corresponding values in men without this syndrome were 0.934 +/- 0.179 g/cm2 and 0.894 +/- 0.189 g/cm2, respectively. The inter-group BMD difference reached statistical significance only at the hip (p = 0.039). Respectively, the prevalence of osteoporosis at the central sites was significantly higher in men without the metabolic syndrome (MS) (13.2 versus 20.8%, p = 0.03). Our data confirmed the trend for higher BMD in the studied men with the metabolic syndrome.

The association between bone health indicated by calcaneal quantitative ultrasound and metabolic syndrome in Malaysian men

“…The researchers also found that with increasing number in components of MS, the femoral neck BMD of the subjects increased [ 17 ]. The positive relationship between MS and BMD was also reported by Boyanov et al in Bulgarian men [ 16 ], Pasco et al in Australian men [ 24 ] and Yamaguchi et al in Japanese men with type-2 diabetes [ 25 ]. Muhlen et al reported an interesting finding in Rancho Bernardo Study, in which age-adjusted femoral neck BMD was significantly higher in men with MS compared to men without MS [ 26 ].…”

“…The presence of metabolic syndrome has been associated with variations in bone mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and calcaneal quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) in men. However, the results obtained are heterogeneous, whereby positive [ 16 , 17 ], negative [ 18 ] and non-significant [ 19 , 20 ] associations have been reported. Due to the limited number of studies available, no conclusive statement can be drawn on whether MS exerts beneficial or adverse effects on bone health in men.…”

Associated Factors of Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis in Elderly Males

“…In the present study, the positive effect of metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity on BMD disappeared after adjustment. However, data regarding metabolic syndrome and BMD are conflicting ( 39 , 40 ). Among all components of metabolic syndrome, waist circumference had the strongest correlation with lower BMD ( 41 ).…”

Association of calcaneal quantitative ultrasound parameters with metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly Chinese: a large population-based cross-sectional study

“…Two reports which also choose IDF criteria for MS found different association between MS and BMD assessed by DXA. The study in Korean showed a negative association [17], whereas a Bulgaria study [18] confirmed the trend for higher BMD in men with MS.…”