Bone Mineral Density, TBS, and Body Composition Indexes in Ukrainian Men with Parkinson’s Disease

Abstract

Introduction. Current research studies demonstrate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD); however, data about bone quality and body composition (BC) indexes are insufficient. The aim of the study was to assess the parameters of BMD, ВС, and trabecular bone score (TBS) in PD males. Materials and Methods. We performed a cross-sectional case-control research design and examined 76 males aged 50–77 years old, who were divided into two groups: first group including men without PD n=38 and the second group including subjects with PD n=38. Disease duration was at least 5 years; all PD participants were at levodopa therapy. BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck, total femur, radius, and total body and TBS Ll−L4 were measured using the DXA method. Whole-body DXA measures were also used for the study of total, lean, and fat masses, skeletal muscle index (SMI), appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), and fat mass index (FMI). Results. Our study showed an increased incidence of osteoporosis and significantly lower total body BMD (respectively, 1.20 ± 0.13 and 1.26 ± 0.10 g/cm2, p=0.05), but not lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs, and higher TBS value in PD men comparing to the control group (respectively, 1.33 ± 0.12 and 1.22 ± 0.18 un., p=0.005). Also, we established significantly decreased lower extremities BMD indexes, but not upper extremities, spine, and trunk BMDs in PD males. The femoral neck, proximal femur, and lower extremities BMD indexes in PD men were reliably lower at the side of predominance of clinical symptoms. Parameters of appendicular lean mass and ALMI in PD males were reliably higher, but fat mass values and FMI were lower compared to the control group in the absence of significant differences in lean mass values and SMI in weight-matched control. Conclusion. Due to low BMD values, changes in BC are present in PD males, and appropriate screening and preventive strategies should be instigated to maintain bone health in PD subjects.

Bone Mineral Density and Risk of Osteoporotic Fractures in Women with Parkinson’s Disease

“…In this study, we showed that parameters of BMD in different regions of skeleton are significantly lower in PD women compared to subjects from control group and frequency of osteoporosis is higher. However, earlier, we [22] demonstrated the increased rate of osteoporosis in Ukrainian PD men with reliably lower total radius and total body BMD and without any significant differences in the lumbar spine and femoral neck. It confirms the influence of gender on bone loss in subjects with PD and requires the future studies.…”

Bone involvement in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease: a case–control study

“…A previous study that investigated the role of TBS in osteoporosis diagnosis in men with moderate-to-severe PD reported a significantly higher TBS in comparison with the control group (people without PD). 16 The TBS appears to predict the risk of fractures and detrimental bone quality earlier than BMD, even in other neurodegenerative disease. A cross-sectional study investigated the bone health in a cohort of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and reported degraded and partially degraded values in over 65% of the patients despite normal BMD values.…”

“…This is in contrast to a previous study that investigated the role of TBS in osteoporosis diagnosis in men with moderate-to-severe PD, which reported a significantly higher TBS in comparison with the control group (people without PD). 16…”

“…This is in contrast to a previous study that investigated the role of TBS in osteoporosis diagnosis in men with moderate-to-severe PD, which reported a significantly higher TBS in comparison with the control group (people without PD). 16 The pathogenesis of bone loss in people with PD remains to be clarified. These current findings might support the hypothesis that the early bone microarchitectural alteration is due to dopaminergic depletion as well as L-DOPA supplementation.…”

Assessing Bone Health and Fracture Risk in Parkinson’s Disease: Is Bone Mineral Density Enough?

“…Previously, studies from China and Ukraine have also failed to reveal any significant difference in mean BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck in male PD patients, pointing to the need for more detailed analysis to get access to bone microstructure. [ 14 15 ] TBS is a texture index used to measure bone microarchitecture related to three-dimensional bone characteristics such as trabecular number, trabecular separation, and connectivity density. [ 16 ] Thus, low TBS in PD patients reflects weak, fracture-prone microarchitecture.…”