Bone plate composed of a ternary nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66/glass fiber composite: biomechanical properties and biocompatibility

Abstract

An ideal bone plate for internal fixation of bone fractures should have good biomechanical properties and biocompatibility. In this study, we prepared a new nondegradable bone plate composed of a ternary nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66/glass fiber (n-HA/PA66/GF) composite. A breakage area on the n-HA/PA66/GF plate surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Its mechanical properties were investigated using bone-plate constructs and biocompatibility was evaluated in vitro using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The results confirmed that adhesion between the n-HA/PA66 matrix and the glass fibers was strong, with only a few fibers pulled out at the site of breakage. Fractures fixed by the n-HA/PA66/GF plate showed lower stiffness and had satisfactory strength compared with rigid fixation using a titanium plate. Moreover, the results with regard to mesenchymal stem cell morphology, MTT assay, Alizarin Red S staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin showed that the n-HA/PA66/GF composite was suitable for attachment and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells, and did not have a negative influence on matrix mineralization or osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. These observations indicate that the n-HA/PA66/GF plate has good biomechanical properties and biocompatibility, and may be considered a new option for internal fixation in orthopedic surgery.

In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and osteogenesis of graphene-reinforced nanohydroxyapatite polyamide66 ternary biocomposite as orthopedic implant material

“…To improve the mechanical properties of nHA/PA66 composite, carbon fiber and glass fiber have been added to nHA/PA66 as additives to enhance the mechanical strength of the composite materials. 17,19,20 In this study, graphene was used as an additive to enhance the mechanical properties of nHA/PA66 composite. The large specific surface area of graphene increased the interaction of the polymer materials, which enhanced the mechanical strength of the composite and increased the bioactivity of the material.…”

“…To overcome this difficulty, many recent studies have used toughening materials, such as glass fibers and carbon fibers, to enhance the mechanical properties of nHA/PA66 composites. 17,19,20 Graphene is another typical additive used for toughening of polymer materials. 21 Graphene has a two-dimensional honeycomb crystal structure of tightly packed SP2 hybridized carbon atoms 22 and is known to be the thinnest, lightest, and strongest material.…”

Polydopamine-induced hydroxyapatite coating facilitates hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 implant osteogenesis: an in vitro and in vivo evaluation

“…Our group has carried out considerable basic research and clinical studies in this field. [4][5][6][7][8] We found that the amount of HA particles deposited on the surface of HA/P66 was relatively low, which affected the rate and quality of the initial osseointegration in HA/P66 implants. Different methods were employed to modify HA/P66 implants to promote osseointegration.…”

Carbon Fibre Reinforced Nano-HA/PA46 Ternary Biocomposite: Mechanical Properties and Cytocompatibility

“…The CF bonded tightly with the HA/PA46, and no cracks were observed between the CF and the HA/PA46 matrix. The results indicated that CF had good compatibility with the HA/PA46 matrix, which was considered to be evidence of a reinforced material with improved mechanical properties compared to that of the matrix [5]. It is obvious that the addition of CF significantly improved the mechanical properties of the HA/PA46 composite.…”