Bone Regeneration Assessment of Polycaprolactone Membrane on Critical-Size Defects in Rat Calvaria

Abstract

Biomaterials for use in guided bone regeneration (GBR) are constantly being investigated and developed to improve clinical outcomes. The present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the biological performance of different membranes during the bone healing process of 8 mm critical defects in rat calvaria in order to assess their influence on the quality of the newly formed bone. Seventy-two adult male rats were divided into three experimental groups (n = 24) based on the membranes used: the CG—membrane-free control group (only blood clot, negative control), BG—porcine collagen membrane group (Bio-Guide®, positive control), and the PCL—polycaprolactone (enriched with 5% hydroxyapatite) membrane group (experimental group). Histological and histometric analyses were performed at 7, 15, 30, and 60 days postoperatively. The quantitative data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). At 7 and 15 days, the inflammatory responses in the BG and PCL groups were significantly different (p < 0.05). The PCL group, at 15 days, showed a large area of newly formed bone. At 30 and 60 days postoperatively, the PCL and BG groups exhibited similar bone healing, including some specimens showing complete closure of the critical defect (p = 0.799). Thus, the PCL membrane was biocompatible, and has the potential to help with GBR procedures.

Cranioplasty Using Three-Dimensional–Printed Polycaprolactone Implant and Free Latissimus Dorsi Musculocutaneous Flap in a Patient with Repeated Wound Problem following Titanium Cranioplasty

“…From previous study, application of PCL membrane showed bone neoformation, not only at the bone stump but also at the center of the defect in vivo. 10 This osseointegration is well achieved in unmodified PCL scaffold even when compared with nanostructured porous PCL scaffold. \Second, the attachment of the LD muscle to the PCL implant seemed sufficient, resulting in a favorable soft tissue contour with minimal flap sagging.…”

Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration

“…Polycaprolactone (PCL) membrane synthesized by electrospinning technique can mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM), combining both core-shell and nano-reservoirs functionalization [ 81 ]. To promote specific regeneration of the damaged tissues, it is of great use to combine a passive release of anti-inflammatory drugs with nano-reservoir containing pro-regenerative substances.…”

Membrane Systems for Tissue Engineering 2020

“…Polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes enriched with 5% hydroxyapatite presented good histological results due to the addition of hydroxyapatite and its osteogenic and osteopromotive factors [6]. Interestingly, it induced similar bone healing, which was observed in the control group (BG membranes), showing complete closure of the critical defect.…”

“…In the field of bone tissue engineering/regeneration, the papers of Bassi et al [5,6] aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different kind of biocompatible and biodegradable membranes in the bone repair of 8-mm critical size defects in rat calvaria. Bacterial cellulose membranes (Nanoskin ® ) (BC) showed interesting properties and presented excellent results in the repair of large soft-tissue injuries [5].…”