Bone regeneration in long-bone defects: tissue compartmentalisation? In vivo study on bone defects in sheep

The rational use of animal models in the evaluation of novel bone regenerative therapies

“…Sheep tibia models are considered to be valid and reliable for the evaluation of bone regeneration, with the advantage of having a maximal weight bearing scenario and long bone dimensions in adult animals that are suitable for the testing of human implants and prostheses [165][166][167][168]. However, sheep are seasonal breeders so their bone metabolism changes during the year which presents a significant hurdle for bone metabolism studies.…”

Treatment of Bone Loss With the Induced Membrane Technique

“…[5][6][7][8] The PMMA spacer is then removed and replaced with autograft bone in a staged fashion, where the bone graft is both protected against resorption and incorporated by the membrane. [9][10][11][12] Recent literature has provided evidence that the induced membrane technique can provide excellent results with restoring bone length and allowing functionality. 3,4,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The purpose of this study was to retrospectively investigate the outcomes of our patients treated with this method and assess the factors associated with success and failure of the technique.…”

Fabrication, vascularization and osteogenic properties of a novel synthetic biomimetic induced membrane for the treatment of large bone defects

“…The presence of the membrane itself compartmentalizes the bone graft, separating it from the surrounding muscle. Previous research has demonstrated that this compartmentalization of bone defects improves bone healing and limits graft resorption [9]. In addition, pluripotent stem cells are present in the membrane along with various growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) [10], which are known to be important in fracture healing.…”