Bone tissue phantoms for optical flowmeters at large interoptode spacing generated by 3D-stereolithography

Abstract

A bone tissue phantom prototype allowing to test, in general, optical flowmeters at large interoptode spacings, such as laser-Doppler flowmetry or diffuse correlation spectroscopy, has been developed by 3D-stereolithography technique. It has been demonstrated that complex tissue vascular systems of any geometrical shape can be conceived. Absorption coefficient, reduced scattering coefficient and refractive index of the optical phantom have been measured to ensure that the optical parameters reasonably reproduce real human bone tissue in vivo. An experimental demonstration of a possible use of the optical phantom, utilizing a laser-Doppler flowmeter, is also presented.

Liquid phantoms for near-infrared and diffuse correlation spectroscopies with tunable optical and dynamic properties

“…Most common DCS phantoms are liquid phantoms made of water and Intralipid20% or Lipofundin20%. Previous attempts in changing the particle Brownian motion coefficient (D b ) varied from changing the viscosity of the medium to changing the temperature or inducing forced motion by pumps [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. However, all these methods present different challenges that, to date, have not been addressed thoroughly.…”

Time-domain algorithm for single-photon laser-Doppler flowmetry at large interoptode spacing in human bone

“…A bone tissue phantom for optical flowmeters, allowing vascular-to-whole tissue volume fractions of 0.19, 0.1267, and 0.0634, has been used to test the SP-LDF [22]. The flow, Φ, was controlled by a peristaltic pump (minipuls 2, Gilson) resulting in a range of Φ ∈ 0; 2 ml min −1 .…”