Bongkrekic acid poisoning: Severe liver function damage combined with multiple organ failure caused by eating spoiled food

Shi, Rui-Juan; Long, Chongde; Dai, Yunda; Huang, Qiong; Gao, Yuzhen; Zhang, Nengpei; Chen, Yanchang; Liu, Shuiping; Ma, Qiang; Quan, Li; Zhang, Yonghui; Luo, Baoming

doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2019.07.010

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[ 3 ] These reactions produce biogenic amines, [ 4 ] aldehydes, [ 5 ] organic acids, [ 5,6 ] and sulfides [ 6 ] that accumulate in both the food and its packaging. Since several of these compounds are harmful, [ 7 ] their continuous assessment along the chain is of great importance, both to determine food quality and to reduce potential risks to consumers. Monitoring these compounds at very low concentrations may also allow evaluation of the occurrence of spoilage symptoms both along the distribution and after purchasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, traditional chemical methods, such as the determination of total volatile base nitrogen, have played a crucial role in the assessment of meat spoilage. [ 7b,8 ] Although these analyses are highly specific and accurate, they are carried out in specialized laboratories [ 6 ] using expensive and, above all, time‐consuming methods. [ 9 ] On the other hand, time is a particularly critical aspect since spoilage is time‐dependent and microorganisms grow exponentially.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colorimetric Polymer Sensors for Smart Packaging

Escher

Megahd

Tavella

et al. 2023

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Nowadays, consumers can estimate the condition of packaged foods only by checking the expiration date on the label. However, this approach is inefficient when it comes to assessing the actual edibility of fresh products, since the events that accelerate the onset of degradation phenomena, such as a rise in temperature, cannot be continuously assessed. In this context, the detection of a different parameter, such as low concentration of amines, can reveal the onset of degradation processes. Here, a colorimetric photonic multilayer sensor is reported for detecting low amine concentrations suitable for sealed packages. The sensor consists of alternating layers of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and polyacrylic acid, and its response is based on the selective interaction between the latter and amines. This interaction causes the polymer layers to swell and introduce disorder into the photon structure, resulting in fading its bright color. Since the reaction of these systems is usually reversible, manipulation or false readings are possible due to inapt sealing of the package. It is shown that the activation of carboxylic acid residues of the sensitive polymer with N-hydroxysuccinimide produces an irreversible response to amine vapor concentrations as low as 3 parts per billion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorimetric Polymer Sensors for Smart Packaging

Escher

Megahd

Tavella

et al. 2023

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…Public health and food safety have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Food safety incidents caused by ingestion or poisoning due to harmful chemicals have occurred frequently worldwide [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. It is estimated that 600 million people, at least 1 in 10 people in the Article Related Abbreviations: GCB, graphitized carbon black; ME, matrix effect; Na 2 EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt; NaCl, sodium chloride; PSA, primary secondary amine world, fall ill, 33 million lose their healthy life annually due to food contamination [9], and 40% of children under 5 years of age suffer from disease because of food safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid screening for 315 drugs in food and biological matrices by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry and its application to a specific incident

Guo

Yang

Zhang

2022

Separation Science Plus

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Comprehensive screening of harmful chemical drugs in food is an essential analytical tool in the investigation of food poisoning. Meanwhile, determining harmful chemical drugs in biological matrices is a supplement to support the screening results in food. In this study, we developed a screening method for 315 harmful chemical drugs in food and biological matrices based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. The food and gastric juice sample was extracted by 1.0% formic acid acetonitrile and acetonitrile, respectively, and cleaned up by a C18 sorbent. Urine and serum were directly extracted by 1.0 % formic acid acetonitrile. Then the data was acquired and screened for drugs using a self-built library. The recovery, accuracy, and limit of quantitation for methodology were investigated. The method was validated by other three laboratories in different areas in China using different mass spectrometric techniques. For screening, the coefficient of variation of the retention times was below 5%. The recoveries for the drugs in nine matrices were 70-120%.At last, the developed method was applied to a real incident, demonstrating its suitability for the sensitive and fast screening of harmful chemical drugs in food and biological samples.

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“…Previous studies on B. cocovenenans and BA have mostly focused on clinical case reports (Falconer et al, 2017;Shi et al, 2019), BA synthesis (Rohm et al, 2010;Moebius et al, 2012;Matsumoto et al, 2015;Fujita et al, 2018), and apoptosis inhibition (Matsumoto et al, 2015;Takeda et al, 2016;Kano et al, 2017Kano et al, , 2019. However, the origin and evolution of BA biosynthesis gene cluster, bon, in B. cocovenenans remain to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Genomic Analysis of the Foodborne Pathogen Burkholderia gladioli pv. cocovenenans Harboring a Bongkrekic Acid Biosynthesis Gene Cluster

Peng

Dottorini

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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The environmental bacterium Burkholderia gladioli pv. cocovenenans (B. cocovenenans) has been linked to fatal food poisoning cases in Asia and Africa. Bongkrekic acid (BA), a mitochondrial toxin produced by B. cocovenenans, is thought to be responsible for these outbreaks. While there are over 80 species in the Burkholderia genus, B. cocovenenans is the only pathovar capable of producing BA and causing human death. However, the genomic features of B. gladioli and the evolution of the BA biosynthesis gene cluster, bon, in B. cocovenenans remain elusive. In this study, 239 whole genome sequences (WGSs) of B. gladioli, isolated from 12 countries collected over 100 years, were used to analyze the intra-species genomic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of B. gladioli and to explore the origin and evolution of the bon gene cluster. Our results showed that the genome-wide average nucleotide identity (ANI) values were above 97.29% for pairs of B. gladioli genomes. Thirty-six of the 239 (15.06%) B. gladioli genomes, isolated from corn, rice, fruits, soil, and patients from Asia, Europe, North America, and South America, contained the bon gene cluster and formed three clades within the phylogenetic tree. Pan- and core-genome analysis suggested that the BA biosynthesis genes were recently acquired. Comparative genome analysis of the bon gene cluster showed that complex recombination events contributed to this toxin biosynthesis gene cluster’s evolution and formation. This study suggests that a better understanding of the genomic diversity and evolution of this lethal foodborne pathovar will potentially contribute to B. cocovenenans food poisoning outbreak prevention.

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Bongkrekic acid poisoning: Severe liver function damage combined with multiple organ failure caused by eating spoiled food

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Colorimetric Polymer Sensors for Smart Packaging

Colorimetric Polymer Sensors for Smart Packaging

Rapid screening for 315 drugs in food and biological matrices by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry and its application to a specific incident

Comparative Genomic Analysis of the Foodborne Pathogen Burkholderia gladioli pv. cocovenenans Harboring a Bongkrekic Acid Biosynthesis Gene Cluster

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