Booming provincial-led North–South City-to-city cooperation in China: A case study of Suzhou-Suqian Industrial Park of Jiangsu Province

State rescaling and national new area development in China: The case of Chongqing Liangjiang

“…Six of these new areas (i.e., Liangjiang, Lanzhou, Xi'xian, Gui'an, Tianfu, and Xiangjiang) are established in Western and Central China. The strategic spatial layout of new areas indicates the stance of central government to reduce regional disparity, which has become a national slogan since 1999 (Wei & Fan, 2000;Xian, Chan, & Qi, 2015). Second, varied state-directed visions are asserted in these new areas, which are aligned with the locations and natural endowment.…”

Rethinking China’s urban governance: The role of the state in neighbourhoods, cities and regions

“…Hence, we need to interrogate the intentional politics of the state and its governance strategies. These strategies may include multi-scalar state collaborations (Xian et al, 2015; Yang et al, 2021; Zhang et al, 2020, 2021), deployment of a new discourse of polycentric urban structure (Wang et al, 2021) and coordinated development to achieve a national development vision. Inter-city competition led to broken roads and an unconnected transport infrastructure.…”

Identifying Processes of Smart Planning, Governance and Management in European Border Cities. Learning from City-to-City Cooperation (C2C)

“…Regarding the Asian continent, the best examples could be found in China. According to Xian, Chan, and Qi [41]: "China has undergone economic and political restructuring in the post-socialist era under the background of globalization. At the same time, its provincial governments have mobilized various forms of booming North-South C2C within their respective jurisdictions during the last 10 years".…”