BOOST: A satellite mission to test Lorentz invariance using high-performance optical frequency references

Gürlebeck, Norman; Wörner, Lisa; Schuldt, Thilo; Döringshoff, Klaus; Gaul, Konstantin; Gerardi, Domenico; Grenzebach, Arne; Jha, Nandan; Kovalchuk, Evgeny; Resch, Andreas; Wendrich, Thijs; Berger, Robert; Herrmann, Sven; Johann, Ulrich; Krutzik, Markus; Peters, A.; Rasel, Ernst M.; Braxmaier, Claus

doi:10.1103/physrevd.97.124051

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…For the second cavity similar results were obtained: 115 Hz µW −1 and 42 mHz and 1 Hz. These coupling factors are in very good agreement with theoretical predictions [44] and similar to the ones assumed for the BOOST mission: 100-200 Hz µW −1 [23,45]. Considering a coupling factor of 115 Hz µW −1 , the required intensity stability to meet the BOOST requirement is 180 nW Hz −1/2 , which for a transmitted power of 100 µW is equivalent to a relative intensity noise (RIN) of 1.7 × 10 −3 Hz −1/2 at 0.18 mHz.…”

Section: Intensity Fluctuationssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For instance, ±1 K uncertainty causes the CTE to be within ±1.3 × 10 −8 K −1 , which combined with the thermal shields attenuation and active temperature control is sufficient to keep temperature effects negligible. This relaxes significantly the values assumed for the BOOST mission [23], where the requirement for the working temperature is set to 10 mK. Obviously, reducing the zero-crossing temperature uncertainty implies less demanding thermal attenuation.…”

Section: Zero-crossing Coefficient Of Thermal Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another possibility mentioned in [23] is the use of BK7 glass in the apertures to reduce the radiation link. Instead, we tried short-pass optical filters with a cut-off wavelength of 1100 nm to reduce long-wavelength infrared (tens of µm).…”

Section: Thermal Shields Design and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Highstability frequency references are also key elements for tests of fundamental physics such as detection of violations of Lorentz invariance [13][14][15] through Michelson-Morley (MM) [16,17] and Kennedy-Thorndike (KT) [18,19] experiments. Satellite missions STAR, mSTAR and BOOST [20][21][22][23] have been proposed for such purposes. BOOST consists of comparing two highly stable frequency references based on completely different mechanisms, i.e., an optical resonator and a hyperfine transition of molecular iodine [24,25] in a low-Earth orbit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper we describe the experimental efforts to achieve the frequency stability compatible with the BOOST requirement [23] using an optical cavity. It has been set to 7.4 × 10 −14 Hz −1/2 at 0.18 mHz, which poses a serious challenge due to the very low frequency of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term stable optical cavity for special relativity tests in space

et al. 2019

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BOOST (BOOst Symmetry Test) is a proposed space mission to search for Lorentz invariance violations and aims to improve the Kennedy-Thorndike parameter constraint by two orders of magnitude. The mission consists of comparing two optical frequency references of different nature, an optical cavity and a hyperfine transition in molecular iodine, in a low Earth orbit. Naturally, the stability of the frequency references at the orbit period of 5400 s (f =0.18 mHz) is essential for the mission success. Here we present our experimental efforts to achieve the required fractional frequency stability of 7.4 × 10 −14 Hz −1/2 at 0.18 mHz (in units of the square root of the power spectral density), using a high-finesse optical cavity. We have demonstrated a frequency stability of (9 ± 3) × 10 −14 Hz −1/2 at 0.18 mHz, which corresponds to an Allan deviation of 10 −14 at 5400 s. A thorough noise source breakdown is presented, which allows us to identify the critical aspects to consider for a future space-qualified optical cavity for BOOST. The major noise contributor at sub-milli-Hertz frequency was related to intensity fluctuations, followed by thermal noise and beam pointing. Other noise sources had a negligible effect on the frequency stability, including temperature fluctuations, which were strongly attenuated by a five-layer thermal shield.

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Section: Intensity Fluctuationssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Zero-crossing Coefficient Of Thermal Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Shields Design and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term stable optical cavity for special relativity tests in space

et al. 2019

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Influence of a magnetic field on the frequency of a laser stabilized to molecular iodine

Gillot,

Barbarat,

Philippe

et al. 2024

Appl. Phys. B

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We report on the effect of a weak magnetic field applied on an iodine cell used to frequency stabilize a laser. A 1.5 $$\upmu $$ μ m laser is frequency tripled in order to excite the molecular transitions at 0.51 $$\upmu $$ μ m and frequency locked on a hyperfine line. With this frequency reference, we report short-term stability about $$3 \times 10^{-14}~\tau ^{-1/2}$$ 3 × 10 - 14 τ - 1 / 2 , with a minimum value of $$4 \times 10^{-15}$$ 4 × 10 - 15 at 200 s. The lower part of $$10^{-15}$$ 10 - 15 frequency stability domain is reached, in our case, only by adding an efficient magnetic shield around the sealed quartz iodine cell. In order to quantify the Zeeman effect, we applied magnetic fields of several $$\times 10^{-4}$$ × 10 - 4 T on the cell containing the iodine vapour. The Zeeman effect affects the lineshape transition in such a way that we observe a modification of the laser frequency. We have measured this linear Zeeman shift at $$(1062\pm 6) \times 10^{4}$$ ( 1062 ± 6 ) × 10 4 Hz/T for the a1 hyperfine component of the R(34) 44-0 transition, near 514 nm by applying a magnetic field along the cell. Thus, in case of uncontrolled magnetic fields of an order of magnitude of 1$$ \times 10^{-4}$$ × 10 - 4 T, the frequency stability is limited in the upper of the $$10^{-14}$$ 10 - 14 domain.

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COMPASSO mission and its iodine clock: outline of the clock design

Kuschewski,

Wüst,

Oswald

et al. 2023

GPS Solut

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One of the limiting factors for GNSS geolocation capabilities is the clock technology deployed on the satellites and the knowledge of the satellite position. Consequently, there are numerous ongoing efforts to improve the stability of space-deployable clocks for next-generation GNSS. The COMPASSO mission is a German Aerospace Center (DLR) project to demonstrate high-performance quantum optical technologies in space with two laser-based absolute frequency references, a frequency comb and a laser communication and ranging terminal establishing a link with the ground station located in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. A successful mission will strongly improve the timing stability of space-deployable clocks, demonstrate time transfer between different clocks and allow for ranging in the mm-range. Thus, the technology is a strong candidate for future GNSS satellite clocks and offers possibilities for novel satellite system architectures and can improve the performance of scientific instruments as well. The COMPASSO payload will be delivered to the international space station in 2025 for a mission time of 2 years. In this article, we will highlight the key systems and functionalities of COMPASSO, with the focus set to the absolute frequency references.

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BOOST: A satellite mission to test Lorentz invariance using high-performance optical frequency references

Cited by 23 publications

References 67 publications

Long-term stable optical cavity for special relativity tests in space

Long-term stable optical cavity for special relativity tests in space

Influence of a magnetic field on the frequency of a laser stabilized to molecular iodine

COMPASSO mission and its iodine clock: outline of the clock design

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