Booster BNT162b2 optimizes SARS-CoV-2 humoral response in patients with myeloma: the negative effect of anti-BCMA therapy

Terpos, Evangelos; Gavriatopoulou, Maria; Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos, Ioannis; Briasoulis, Αlexandros; Gumeni, Sentiljana; Malandrakis, Panagiotis; Papanagnou, Eleni‐Dimitra; Migkou, Magdalini; Kanellias, Nikolaos; Kastritis, Efstathios; Trougakos, Ioannis P.; Dimopoulos, Meletios A.

doi:10.1182/blood.2021014989

Cited by 34 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Indeed, after the third dose no patients and controls were seronegative. These findings are consistent with previously published research on the antibody kinetics in cancer patients after a period of a few months following full vaccination [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Furthermore, a recently published meta-analysis demonstrated reduced seroconversion rates after one COVID-19 vaccine dose in patients with solid cancers (Risk Ratio: 0.55; 95% confidence interval: 0.46–0.65; I2 = 78%; Absolute Risk: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.36–0.53; I2 = 84%) in comparison with immunocompetent controls; yet, the administration of a second dose led to significantly increased seroconversion (Risk Ratio: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.88–0.93; I2 = 51%; Absolute Risk: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.86–0.91; I2 = 49%), whereas the 3rd dose was associated with enhanced humoral response in vaccine non-responders with solid tumors, further highlighting the benefits of a booster dose [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies Kinetics Postvaccination in Cancer Patients under Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition

Terpos

Liontos

Fiste

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Considering that COVID-19 could adversely affect cancer patients, several countries have prioritized this highly susceptible population for vaccination. Thus, rapidly generating evidence on the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the subset of patients with cancer under active therapy is of paramount importance. From this perspective, we launched the present prospective observational study to comprehensively address the longitudinal dynamics of immunogenicity of both messenger RNA (mRNA) and viral vector-based vaccines in 85 patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for a broad range of solid tumors. Despite the relatively poor humoral responses following the priming vaccine inoculum, the seroconversion rates significantly increased after the second dose. Waning vaccine-based immunity was observed over the following six months, yet the administration of a third booster dose remarkably optimized antibody responses. Larger cohort studies providing real-world data with regard to vaccines effectiveness and durability of their protection among cancer patients receiving immunotherapy are an increasing priority.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies Kinetics Postvaccination in Cancer Patients under Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition

Terpos

Liontos

Fiste

et al. 2022

Cancers

Self Cite

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“…The decline of vaccine-induced immunity during time and the emergence of new variants led to the administration of a booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Our data demonstrate that booster immunization improved spike-specific humoral responses in MMD patients, as similar reported in a recent study 37 . Interestingly, a significant increase of the NAb titers against all the analyzed variants was achieved after the booster dose compared to full vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of Omicron variant on the response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in multiple myeloma

Storti

Marchica

Vescovini

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Multiple myeloma (MM) patients may have a reduced response to vaccination due to immunodeficiency. The humoral and cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA full vaccination and booster dose as well as the impact of spike variants, including the emerging Omicron one, are still unclear and have been investigated in this study in a cohort of MM patients and those with pre-malignant monoclonal gammopathies. Firstly, we have shown that MM patients with relapsed-refractory disease (MMR) had a reduced spike-specific antibody levels and neutralizing titers after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA full vaccination. Interestingly, all the analyzed variants, remarkably Omicron, had a significant negative impact on the neutralizing ability of the vaccine-induced antibodies in all patients with MM and in smoldering MM too. Moreover, lower spike-specific IL-2-producing CD4+ T cells and reduced cytotoxic spike-specific IFN-γ and TNF-α-producing-CD8+ T cells were found in MM patients as compared to MGUS. Finally, we found that booster immunization improved SARS-CoV-2 spike humoral and cellular responses in newly diagnosed MM (MMD) patients and in most, but not all, MMR patients. After the booster dose, a significant increase of the neutralizing antibody titers against almost all the analyzed variants was achieved in MMD. On the other hand, in MMR patients, Omicron retain a negative impact on neutralizing ability, suggesting these patients need to be considered still at risk of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection with a clinically relevant disease.

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“…who reported 23.8% (41/172) response to a third dose of vaccine. Our results on MM patients on anti‐CD38 therapy show promise, although Terpos et al 13 . reported even more encouraging data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Data on third-dose efficacy are scarce, but we saw worse results for CLL patients than Herishanu et al 12 , who reported 23.8% (41/172) response to a third dose of vaccine. Our results on MM patients on anti-CD38 therapy show promise, although Terpos et al 13 reported even more encouraging data.…”

Section: R E Su Lts a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Third dose of COVID‐19 vaccine restores immune response in patients with haematological malignancies after loss of protective antibody titres

et al. 2022

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Booster BNT162b2 optimizes SARS-CoV-2 humoral response in patients with myeloma: the negative effect of anti-BCMA therapy

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies Kinetics Postvaccination in Cancer Patients under Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition

SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies Kinetics Postvaccination in Cancer Patients under Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition

Impact of Omicron variant on the response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in multiple myeloma

Third dose of COVID‐19 vaccine restores immune response in patients with haematological malignancies after loss of protective antibody titres

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