Boosting the capacity of biomass-based supercapacitors using carbon materials of wood derivatives and redox molecules from plants

Abstract

A hybrid system electrode made from biomass-based material sodium lignosulfonate-derived hierarchical porous graphitic carbon (PGLS) and an organic redox compound (alizarin) is demonstrated. A derivative of alizarin called “alizarin red...

Polyaniline-Lignin Interpenetrating Network for Supercapacitive Energy Storage

“…Comparative Ragone plot, flexibility behavior, and practical applications of the prototype PANI-LS||PANI-LS devices. (a) Ragone plot of the PANI-LS||PANI-LS and PANI||PANI devices and their comparison with some reported similar devices (A, FSC–Lig/SWCNT HNO3 ; B, PEDOT–PAAQ//PEDOT-Lignin-PAA; C, ARS/PGLS–1; D, LS-PPy@ CFY; E, LS–GHs). (b) CV curves of an all-solid-state PANI-LS||PANI-LS device under different bending angles from 0 to 135° at a scan rate of 25 mV s –1 .…”

Nelumbo nucifera Seed–Derived Nitrogen-Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbons as Electrode Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitors

“…The LTSC_K900 samples show the highest current output, demonstrating the highest energy-storage capacity among the studied samples. The rectangular shapes of the CV curves with weak humps in the range of 0.2-0.45 V, followed by a quick response to the current on the reversal of the potential sweep, suggest the dominance of the electrical double-layer capacitor charge storage mechanism characteristics of the carbon materials with some contribution of pseudocapacitance, due to the presence of the nitrogen and oxygen functionalities [6,23,49,60]. The CV profiles of the electrodes prepared from all the samples reveal that the integral current increases with the scan rate, while sustaining the semi-rectangular shape of the curves (Figure 6b-d and Supplementary Materials Figure S8).…”

“…Note that the weak peaks have come from the pseudocapacitive behavior of the nitrogen and oxygen functionality decrease in the carbon samples prepared at higher temperatures due to loss of nitrogen-and oxygen content (Figures 2a and 4b-d and Supplementary Materials Figure S8b-d). The C s of the electrode materials calculated by using Equation (6) shows that the directly carbonized sample, due to the lack of electrochemically accessible micropores, possesses very low specific capacitance as compared to the KOH-activated samples. The optimal sample, LTSC_K900, achieved a high C s of ca.…”

“…The Cs of the electrode materials calculated by using Equation (6) shows that the directly carbonized sample, due to the lack of electrochemically accessible micropores, possesses very low specific capacitance as compared to the KOH-activated samples. The optimal sample, LTSC_K900, achieved a high Cs of ca.…”

“…Supercapacitors, or electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), store charges in the form of electrical double-layers at the electrode surface by the diffusion of electrolyte ions from the electrolyte solution, are the current state-of-the-art energy-storage systems for the storage of electrochemical energy [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Recently, supercapacitors have attracted significant attention because of their enormous high power density (>400 kW kg −1 ), extremely rapid charging or rapid reversible adsorption/desorption of electrolyte ions at the electrode surface, extraordinary long cycling stability without any capacitance loss (>10,000), high rate performance, low-cost and easy operation, as well as environmentally friendliness [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”