Boosting the efficiency of single junction kesterite solar cell using Ag mixed Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> active layer

Saha, Uday; Alam, Md. Kawsar

doi:10.1039/c7ra12352c

Cited by 63 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…The same electric field profile has also been reported in Ref. [20] where the peaks at the interfaces is noticeable and supports an improved V oc . The electric field distribution has also been shown in 3D (Fig.…”

Section: Electrical Simulationsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…3d in Ref. [20]. Saha et al have also reported that G tot has a high peak at the CZTSe side of the interface since CZTSSe has a higher absorption compared to CdS [20].…”

Section: Optical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…[20]. Saha et al have also reported that G tot has a high peak at the CZTSe side of the interface since CZTSSe has a higher absorption compared to CdS [20]. In fact, CdS layer has a wider bandgap and absorbs high-energy photons not absorbed in CZTSSe layer and the photons with higher energy than the bandgap of CdS.…”

Section: Optical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Simulation of CZTSSe Thin-Film Solar Cells in COMSOL: Three-Dimensional Optical, Electrical, and Thermal Models

Zandi

Saxena

Razaghi

et al. 2020

IEEE J. Photovoltaics

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The Cu 2 ZnSnS x Se 4−x (CZTSSe) thin film solar cells have attracted the attention of researchers due to it's earthabundant composition containing Copper, Zinc, Tin and Sulfur and Selenide with 12.6% record efficiency (2013-IBM). A 3D simulation analysis is presented here on the optical, electrical and thermal characteristics of CZTSSe solar cell using COMSOL Multiphysics 3D simulation package. COMSOL is capable of calculating the coupled optical-electrical-thermal models through Electromagnetic Wave, Semiconductor, and Heat Transfer modules for a finely meshed structure. Using this capability, we have calculated the optical photo-generation rate of the a Mo/Mo(S,Se) 2 /CZTSSe/CdS/ZnO/ITO/air structure by inserting the refractive index and extinction coefficient of every layer in Wave optic module in COMSOL. We also calculated the total optical generation rate for two structures with and without Mo(S,Se) 2 layer at the junction of Mo and CZTSSe layers. The current-voltage curve, electric field profile and the recombination rate of the cell has also been calculated by Semiconductor module coupled to wave optic module. The current-voltage characteristics shows an improvement in V oc for the cell with Mo(S,Se) 2 layer (0.46 V to 0.513 V) which was also suggested by IBM for a record cell efficiency. Finally, the thermal maps of the cell has been calculated by Heat Transfer Module coupled to Semiconductor module considering the Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination heat, Joule Heat and conductive heat flux. The total heat flux magnitude of the cell was also mapped as a result out of these heat generation and cooling sources. The SRH heat is maximum within the depletion width at the CZTSSe/CdS interface whereas the Joule heating is intensive at the Mo/Mo(S,Se) 2 /CZTSSe side. Interesting is to see that the heat is mainly conducted to environment from Mo side presented by the conductive heat map. The total heat flux is intensive at both top and bottom interfaces which means the heat is generated at both top and bottom sides of the cells and not only from the illuminated part.

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Section: Electrical Simulationsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…3d in Ref. [20]. Saha et al have also reported that G tot has a high peak at the CZTSe side of the interface since CZTSSe has a higher absorption compared to CdS [20].…”

Section: Optical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Simulation of CZTSSe Thin-Film Solar Cells in COMSOL: Three-Dimensional Optical, Electrical, and Thermal Models

Zandi

Saxena

Razaghi

et al. 2020

IEEE J. Photovoltaics

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“…Due to the possible n‐type and large band‐offset with CdS, ACZTS(Se) has been investigated as n‐type layer in CZTS/AZTS heterojunctions leading to an encouraging 4.5% efficiency, with even a p‐type AZTS/n‐type AZTS homojunction being later considered, though with a more limited 0.9% efficiency reported so far . These preliminary approaches are not without future, as a recently published theoretical work proposed a CdS/ACZTS/CZTS (n/p/p+) solar cell with a potential efficiency close to 20%, but no experimental demonstration was made up to date. Nevertheless, the latest progress using solution‐processed (Cu 1‐ x Ag x ) 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 with 3% of Ag (with respect to Cu) has reported a 10.4% efficiency, and 10.2% using co‐evaporation for the pure selenide compound with up to 10% of Ag, hence revitalizing the interest in the Ag‐based kesterite alloys and paving the way toward future improvements.…”

Section: Challenges and Perspectives: How To Improve The Kesterite Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Perspectives of Thin Film Kesterite Photovoltaic Technology: A Critical Review

et al. 2019

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The latest progress and future perspectives of thin film photovoltaic kesterite technology are reviewed herein. Kesterite is currently the most promising emerging fully inorganic thin film photovoltaic technology based on critical raw-material-free and sustainable solutions. The positioning of kesterites in the frame of the emerging inorganic solar cells is first addressed, and the recent history of this family of materials briefly described. A review of the fast progress achieved earlier this decade is presented, toward the relative slowdown in the recent years partly explained by the large opencircuit voltage (V OC ) deficit recurrently observed even in the best solar cell devices in the literature. Then, through a comparison with the close cousin Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 technology, doping and alloying strategies are proposed as critical for enhancing the conversion efficiency of kesterite. In the second section herein, intrinsic and extrinsic doping, as well as alloying strategies are reviewed, presenting the most relevant and recent results, and proposing possible pathways for future implementation. In the last section, a review on technological applications of kesterite is presented, going beyond conventional photovoltaic devices, and demonstrating their suitability as potential candidates in advanced tandem concepts, photocatalysis, thermoelectric, gas sensing, etc.Kesterite Photovoltaics He has supervised ten Ph.D. theses in the photovoltaic field. He is currently the coordinator of the research and innovation H2020 project STARCELL (www.starcell.eu), and the RISE (Marie Curie) project INFINITE-CELL (www.infinite-cell.eu).the V OC deficit for bandgaps close to 1.0 or 1.5 eV are comparable, and one can consider that kesterite is reasonably close to the state of the art of chalcopyrite materials in that range. But, while for kesterite the V OC deficit increases almost monotonically with the bandgap, it is markedly reduced for intermediate

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“…10 (c) and (d) indicates that with increasing the concentration of Ag doping, the band tailing is significantly reduced. The improvement of EQE can be attributed to the optimization of band alignment between CZTSe and CdS heterojunction [15,19,47] . Many reports confirmed that with appropriate Ag doping, the concentration of Cu Zn defects can be significantly reduced [2] .…”

Section: The Performance Of Front Ag-gradient Acztse Thin Film Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of the front-gradient bandgap in the Ag doped CZTSe thin films and solar cells

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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Boosting the efficiency of single junction kesterite solar cell using Ag mixed Cu₂ZnSnS₄ active layer

Abstract: A CdS/ACZTS/CZTS single junction kesterite solar cell with 17.59% efficiency.

Cited by 63 publications

References 50 publications

Simulation of CZTSSe Thin-Film Solar Cells in COMSOL: Three-Dimensional Optical, Electrical, and Thermal Models

Simulation of CZTSSe Thin-Film Solar Cells in COMSOL: Three-Dimensional Optical, Electrical, and Thermal Models

Progress and Perspectives of Thin Film Kesterite Photovoltaic Technology: A Critical Review

Formation of the front-gradient bandgap in the Ag doped CZTSe thin films and solar cells

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Boosting the efficiency of single junction kesterite solar cell using Ag mixed Cu2ZnSnS4 active layer

Abstract: A CdS/ACZTS/CZTS single junction kesterite solar cell with 17.59% efficiency.

Cited by 63 publications

References 50 publications

Simulation of CZTSSe Thin-Film Solar Cells in COMSOL: Three-Dimensional Optical, Electrical, and Thermal Models

Simulation of CZTSSe Thin-Film Solar Cells in COMSOL: Three-Dimensional Optical, Electrical, and Thermal Models

Progress and Perspectives of Thin Film Kesterite Photovoltaic Technology: A Critical Review

Formation of the front-gradient bandgap in the Ag doped CZTSe thin films and solar cells

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Boosting the efficiency of single junction kesterite solar cell using Ag mixed Cu₂ZnSnS₄ active layer