Boosting the electrochemical properties of carbon materials as bipolar electrodes by introducing oxygen functional groups

Zhang, Yaxiong; Liu, Ying; Bai, Ya Mei; Liu, Yupeng; Xie, Erqing

doi:10.1039/d0ra06888h

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Ragone plots are used to evaluate the energy and power density of the SCs. The areal energy density and areal power density can respectively be calculated as [ 47 ]

where EA is the energy density (µWh/cm 2 ); C A , the areal capacitance from the GCD measurement (mF/cm 2 ); ∆ V , the potential window ( V ); PA , the power density (mW/cm 2 ); and T , the discharging time ( s ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Jet (DBDjet) Processed Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole/Chitosan Nanocomposite Supercapacitors

et al. 2021

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Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and/or polypyrrole (PPy) are mixed with chitosan (CS) binder materials for screen-printing supercapacitors (SCs) on arc atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ)-treated carbon cloth. The performance of gel-electrolyte rGO/CS, PPy/CS, and rGO/PPy/CS SCs processed by a dielectric barrier discharge plasma jet (DBDjet) was assessed and compared. DBDjet processing improved the hydrophilicity of these three nanocomposite electrode materials. Electrochemical measurements including electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and galvanostatic charging-discharging (GCD) were used to evaluate the performance of the three types of SCs. The Trasatti method was used to evaluate the electric-double layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudocapacitance (PC) of the capacitance. The energy and power density of the three types of SCs were illustrated and compared using Ragone plots. Our experiments verify that, with the same weight of active materials, the combined use of rGO and PPy in SCs can significantly increase the capacitance and improve the operation stability.

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“…Ragone plots are used to evaluate the energy and power density of the SCs. The areal energy density and areal power density can respectively be calculated as [ 47 ]

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Jet (DBDjet) Processed Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole/Chitosan Nanocomposite Supercapacitors

et al. 2021

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“…It is important to note that the presence of C�O functional groups can enhance the hydrophilicity of the electrode materials and the groups are electrochemically active to introduce extra pseudocapacitance. 27,28 The effect of variations in the concentration of PVA and lignin on the structure, crystallinity, and degree of graphitization of 3D LSPCs was assessed using Raman spectroscopy and XRD. Raman spectra were performed on the LSPCs for graphitic structure assessment, and the results are presented in Figure 3D.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high-resolution spectra of the O 1s of LSPC-28 are also further resolved into three different peaks (Figure C), revealing the existence of oxygen-containing functional groups including CO (quinone-type groups at 532.0 eV), C–OH/C–O–C (phenol/ether groups at 533.3 eV), and –COOH (chemisorbed oxygen or carboxylic groups at 535.6 eV). It is important to note that the presence of CO functional groups can enhance the hydrophilicity of the electrode materials and the groups are electrochemically active to introduce extra pseudocapacitance. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Sustainable Lignin Precursors for Hierarchical Porous Carbons and Their Efficient Performance in Energy Storage Applications

Muddasar,

Mushtaq,

Beaucamp

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Lignin-derived porous carbons have great potential for energy storage applications. However, their traditional synthesis requires highly corrosive activating agents in order to produce porous structures. In this work, an environmentally friendly and unique method has been developed for preparing lignin-based 3D spherical porous carbons (LSPCs). Dropwise injection of a lignin solution containing PVA sacrificial templates into liquid nitrogen produces tiny spheres that are lyophilized and carbonized to produce LSPCs. Most of the synthesized samples possess excellent specific surface areas (426.6–790.5 m2/g) along with hierarchical micro- and mesoporous morphologies. When tested in supercapacitor applications, LSPC-28 demonstrates a superior specific capacitance of 102.3 F/g at 0.5 A/g, excellent rate capability with 70.3% capacitance retention at 20 A/g, and a commendable energy density of 2.1 Wh/kg at 250 W/kg. These materials (LSPC-46) also show promising performance as an anode material in sodium-ion batteries with high reversible capacity (110 mAh g–1 at 100 mA g–1), high Coulombic efficiency, and excellent cycling stability. This novel and green technique is anticipated to facilitate the scalability of lignin-based porous carbons and open a range of research opportunities for energy storage applications.

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“…Ragone plots are used to evaluate the energy and power density of the SCs. There are, respectively, calculated with Equations (5) and (6) [ 70 ] as follows:

where E A is the energy density (per unit area) (µWh/cm 2 ); C A , the areal capacitance calculated by the GCD method (mF/cm 2 ); Δ V , the potential window (V); P A , power density (per unit area) (mW/cm 2 ); and T , the discharging time (s). Figure 10 shows the Ragone plots of the SCs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Dioxide Tornado-Type Atmospheric-Pressure-Plasma-Jet-Processed rGO-SnO2 Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors

et al. 2021

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Pastes containing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and SnCl2 solution were screen printed on carbon cloth and then calcined using a CO2 tornado-type atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ). The tornado circulation of the plasma gas enhances the mixing of the reactive plasma species and thus ensures better reaction uniformity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were performed to characterize the synthesized rGO-SnO2 nanocomposites on carbon cloth. After CO2 tornado-type APPJ treatment, the pastes were converted into rGO-SnO2 nanocomposites for use as the active electrode materials of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-H2SO4 gel-electrolyte flexible supercapacitors (SCs). Various APPJ scanning times were tested to obtain SCs with optimized performance. With seven APPJ scans, the SC achieved the best areal capacitance of 37.17 mF/cm2 in Galvanostatic charging/discharging (GCD) and a capacitance retention rate of 84.2% after 10,000-cycle cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. The capacitance contribution ratio, calculated as pseudocapacitance/electrical double layer capacitance (PC/EDLC), is ~50/50 as analyzed by the Trasatti method. GCD data were also analyzed to obtain Ragone plots; these indicated an energy density comparable to those of SCs processed using a fixed-point nitrogen APPJ in our previous study.

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Boosting the electrochemical properties of carbon materials as bipolar electrodes by introducing oxygen functional groups

Abstract: Carbon materials with effective oxygen functional groups as positive and negative electrodes and their special energy storage mechanism.

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Jet (DBDjet) Processed Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole/Chitosan Nanocomposite Supercapacitors

Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Jet (DBDjet) Processed Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole/Chitosan Nanocomposite Supercapacitors

Synthesis of Sustainable Lignin Precursors for Hierarchical Porous Carbons and Their Efficient Performance in Energy Storage Applications

Carbon Dioxide Tornado-Type Atmospheric-Pressure-Plasma-Jet-Processed rGO-SnO2 Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors

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