Boosting the Initial Coulomb Efficiency of Sisal Fiber-Derived Carbon Anode for Sodium Ion Batteries by Microstructure Controlling

Abstract

As anode material for sodium ion batteries (SIBs), biomass-derived hard carbon has attracted a great deal of attention from researchers because of its renewable nature and low cost. However, its application is greatly limited due to its low initial Coulomb efficiency (ICE). In this work, we employed a simple two-step method to prepare three different structures of hard carbon materials from sisal fibers and explored the structural effects on the ICE. It was determined that the obtained carbon material, with hollow and tubular structure (TSFC), exhibits the best electrochemical performance, with a high ICE of 76.7%, possessing a large layer spacing, a moderate specific surface area, and a hierarchical porous structure. In order to better understand the sodium storage behavior in this special structural material, exhaustive testing was performed. Combining the experimental and theoretical results, an “adsorption-intercalation” model for the sodium storage mechanism of the TSFC is proposed.

Facile Fabrication of Large-Area CuO Flakes for Sodium-Ion Energy Storage Applications

“…The considerable radius of sodium ions (0.106 nm) compared with that of lithium ions (0.076 nm) presents notable challenges, slowing kinetic processes and undermining the structural integrity of host materials [12,13]. Nevertheless, morphological and structural modifications through nanoengineering and carbon adjustments of anode materials offer promising avenues for enhancing the mechanical stability and sodium storage kinetics of SIBs [14][15][16][17]. These Molecules 2024, 29, 2528 2 of 15 innovative material designs are crucial for enhancing sodium storage efficiency and reaction kinetics, which are critical to the development and practical use of SIB technology [18,19].…”

Sulfur-doped carbon nanofibers as stable and high performance anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

“…Therefore, by increasing the interlayer spacing of carbon materials, the sodium ion diffusion distance in the intercalation process can be shortened, and the sodium ion storage capacity of the N-rich graphene can be improved, thus improving their electrochemical properties. In addition, the construction of novel structures is oen used to improve the properties of carbon anode materials, such as hollow structures, [39][40][41] porous structures [42][43][44][45] and ber structures, [46][47][48] which can effectively improve the sodium storage properties. Among them, the carbon ber structure is considered a good candidate anode material for SIBs on account of its many surface defects and large specic surface area.…”

Constructing Abundant Oxygen-Containing Functional Groups in Hard Carbon Derived from Anthracite for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

“…To some extent, SIBs show superior advantages in low-speed electric vehicles and grid electricity storage systems compared to LIBs. At present, successful research on the electrode materials of LIBs has enabled the development of SIBs due to the similar properties of Na and Li and their similar operational mechanisms [4][5][6]. Unfortunately, graphite, the anode material used for commercial LIBs, is unsuitable for sodium storage due to: (a) the radius of Na + being wider than the radius of Li + (1.02 Å vs. 0.76 Å); (b) the intense regional interaction between Na + and graphene layers; and (c) the narrow interlayer spacing of graphite, which limits the storage capacities and diffusion kinetics of Na + to some extent [7].…”