Boosting the performance of perovskite solar cells through a novel active passivation method

Wang, Pengfei; Wang, Jiao; Zhang, Xin; Wang, Dan; Cui, Xiaolei; Yuan, Sijian; Lu, Haizhou; Tu, Li; Zhan, Yiqiang; Zheng, Lirong

doi:10.1039/c8ta05593a

Cited by 73 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Recently, high performing perovskite devices have increased compositional complexity by incorporating Group 1 (alkali metals) elements such as Na, K, or Cs. These materials have also been adopted as a dopant or an additional layer on ETLs for alleviating trap states at the ETL/perovskite interface . Seo et al reported a modification of the TiO 2 surface by CsBr to strengthen its interaction with the perovskite for rapid extraction of photogenerated electrons which lead to very high fill factor close to 80% from their cells.…”

Section: Passivation Of Carrier Transport Layer (Ctl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Novel Passivation Techniques for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

2019

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Perovskite solar cells contain various defects within the perovskite absorber and the corresponding interfaces, affecting device performance and stability. Fortunately, there have been tremendous efforts in advancing passivation techniques contributing to high‐efficiency perovskite solar cell with improved stability. Here, the state‐of‐the‐art passivation approaches for each layer of the perovskite cell with the aim of improving carrier extraction, reducing carrier recombination, and/or improving cell stability are reviewed. Passivation of the electron transport layer can improve the stability of perovskite solar cells by reducing trap states or by physically separating the transport layer from contacting perovskite. Controlling the amount of PbI2 in the perovskite precursor has been found to be effective in passivating defect states at the grain boundaries and on the surface. Additives such as elemental iodine, organic surfactants, and Group 1 metal compounds incorporated in perovskite precursors have been reported to passivate recombination trap centers. These approaches have also contributed to improved energy band alignment between carrier transport layers and perovskite absorber improving device performance. An effective strategy to improve moisture stability is the use of 2D perovskites or hydrophobic large cation molecules forming 2D or quasi‐2D phases at grain boundaries or film surfaces providing passivation and preventing moisture ingress.

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Section: Passivation Of Carrier Transport Layer (Ctl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Novel Passivation Techniques for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

2019

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“…The KCl‐passivated method is conducive to the enhancement of perovskite crystallinity and light absorption capacity and the reduction of defect states. [ 70 ] In addition, Huang et al proposed a strategy for effective surface passivation of blade‐coated perovskite films using cadmium iodide (CdI 2 )‐coating treatment shown in Figure 4c. Cd 2+ can replace part of Pb 2+ to inhibit the formation of halide vacancy due to the stronger CdI bond energy.…”

Section: Various Types Of Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Various Types Of Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells: Choosing Appropriate Passivator to Specific Defects

Zhou

et al. 2020

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Figure 3. The impact of MABr treatment on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of film morphology (MAPbI 3 films a) without and b) with MABr treatment), c) ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectra, and d) XRD patterns of the perovskite films. Reproduced with permission. [61] Copyright 2016, Springer Nature. e) Schematic illustration and f) SEM images of the molecule-passivated RP/3D heterostructure. Reproduced with permission. [115] Copyright 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry. g) Schematic representation of the 1D/3D heterostructure evidenced by solid-state NMR proximity measurements. Reproduced with permission. [40] Copyright 2019, Springer Nature. h) Secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurement of interdiffusion-grown MAPbI 3 films on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass. Reproduced with permission.

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“…With respect to the latter, several studies have shown alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs) introduced as additives in the perovskite precursor solution to increase device performance and reduce hysteresis . Very few studies have introduced these alkali metal salts directly to the interface, where defects predominantly reside.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkali Salts as Interface Modifiers in n‐i‐p Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2019

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After demonstration of a 23% power conversion efficiency, a high operational stability is the next most important scientific and technological challenge in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A potential failure mechanism is tied to a bias‐induced ion migration, which causes current–voltage hysteresis and a decay in the device performance over time. Herein, alkali salts are shown to mitigate hysteresis and stabilize device performance in n‐i‐p hybrid planar PSCs. Different alkali salts of potassium chloride, iodide, and nitrate as well as sodium chloride and iodide are deposited from aqueous solution onto the n‐type contact, based on SnO2, prior to deposition of the perovskite absorber Cs0.05(FA0.83MA0.17)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3. Introduction of potassium‐based alkali salts suppresses the current–voltage hysteresis and stabilizes the operational device stability at the maximum power point. This is attributed to the suppression of hole trapping at the n‐type selective transport layer (SnO2)/perovskite interface observed by surface photovoltage spectroscopy, which is interpreted to reduce interfacial recombination and improve charge carrier extraction. The best and most stable performance of 19% is achieved using potassium nitrate as the interface modifier. Devices with higher and more stable performance exhibit substantially lower current transients, analyzed during maximum power point tracking.

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Boosting the performance of perovskite solar cells through a novel active passivation method

Abstract: Potassium halides have recently garnered much attention, due to their improvement of perovskite solar cell performance.

Cited by 73 publications

References 22 publications

Review of Novel Passivation Techniques for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Review of Novel Passivation Techniques for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells: Choosing Appropriate Passivator to Specific Defects

Alkali Salts as Interface Modifiers in n‐i‐p Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells

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