Border patrol: The U.S. customs service and the racial profiling of African American women

Newsome, Yvonne D.

doi:10.1007/s12111-003-1014-5

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Another exception to the general trend in the literature related to the experiences of Blacks with law enforcement personnel was at the federal level. During the height of the ''war on drugs,'' Black women were stopped, detained, and searched by the U.S. Customs Service more than all other groups passing through airports (Government Accounting Office [GAO], 2000;Johnson, 2003;Newsome, 2003). Regarding racial profiling and gender, and using the U.S. Customs Service's behaviors as an example, Johnson (2003) argues, ''While racial profiling is most often discussed in terms of affronts to African American and Latino men, experiences suggests that African American and Latina American women are at greater risk for government abuse in this regard'' (p. 40).…”

Section: Race Gender and Policingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, Gender, and the Perception of Recently Experiencing Unfair Treatment by the Police: Exploratory Results From an All-Black Sample

Gabbidon

Higgins

Potter

2010

Criminal Justice Review

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Using a national poll with a representative sample of Blacks (N ¼ 854), this article examined the experiences of those Blacks who believe that they had recently been treated unfairly by the police. More specifically, the research examined the role of gender in the perception of unfair treatment by the police. The results of the analysis from the full sample found that age (being older), region (being from the South), and being female decreased the likelihood of reporting having been recently treated unfairly by the police. To examine the differences between Black men and women, the authors conducted a split-sample binary logistic regression analysis. The analysis revealed that Black women who resided in the South were less likely to report experiencing unfair treatment by the police. For Black men, being older and having a higher income resulted in the reduced likelihood of the perception of having been treated unfairly. The implications of the research also are considered.

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Section: Race Gender and Policingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, Gender, and the Perception of Recently Experiencing Unfair Treatment by the Police: Exploratory Results From an All-Black Sample

Gabbidon

Higgins

Potter

2010

Criminal Justice Review

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“…Similar to Broman et al (2000), some research indicates that black males are more likely than black females to report racial profiling by police (Weitzer and Tuch 2004) or to report experiencing police harassment or violence (Brunson and Miller 2006). However, other research suggests that black females are more likely to be racially profiled at border crossings (Newsome 2003) and are more punitively treated when violating the law compared to black males (Bush-Baskette 1998;Miller 1999).…”

Section: Minority/majority Status and Perceived Discriminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Discrimination: Multiple Measures and the Intersections of Race and Gender

Rodriguez

2008

J Afr Am St

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the degree to which adults in four racial/gender categories perceive that they experience discrimination. Using the 1995-1996 National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS), the author employs logistic regression to compare the likelihood of perceiving specific types of discrimination for black men, black women, white men, and white women. Results indicate that variations in perceived discrimination occur across the racial/ gender categories. The findings highlight the need for researchers to be aware of gendered and racialized perceptions of discrimination. Keywords Perceived discrimination . Intersections of race and genderDrawing on multiracial feminist discourse theory (Baca Zinn and Dill 1996; Collins 1991), this paper explores how race and gender simultaneously affect perceptions of personal discrimination. Collins (1991) describes a "matrix of domination" that represents intersecting systems of oppression that differentially affect individuals' lives. In this schema, race and gender "are not reducible to individual attributes to be measured and assessed for their separate contribution in explaining given social outcomes" (Baca Zinn and Dill 1996:22). Instead, the influence of gender on a given outcome may differ by race, and vice versa. Few studies have analyzed the ways race and gender intersect to produce differences in perceived discrimination (Broman et al. 2000;Levin et al. 2002;Sigelman and Welch 1991) and few have assessed both majority and minority group members' perceptions of various types of personal discrimination.Using a nationally representative sample, this paper provides evidence of the degree to which four racial/gender groups (black men, black women, white men, and white women) perceive specific types of personal discrimination and whether the levels and types vary across the four categories. Studying perceptions of discrimina-J Afr Am St (2008) 12:348-365

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“…The case of virginity testing of fiancées from the Indian subcontinent with regular visa status at the British border is a historical testament to this ( Smith & Marmo, 2014 ); in this case, women had to prove their virginity literally by showing that they had an intact hymen, in order to obtain permission to enter Britain with a fiancée visa. As evident in the cases discussed later, the expectation that the woman cannot be trusted and that further evidence needs to be produced, often within her body, is not just a historical phenomenon occurring at the borders of the Global North ( Newsome, 2003 ; Yu Hsi Lee, 2015 ).…”

Section: Gendered-racialized Bordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmasking State Harm: The Border as a Theatrical Space of Gendered Violence

Marmo

2023

Violence Against Women

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Systemic gendered violence at the borders of the Global North is perpetrated by state actors and their proxies, and yet remains underdiscussed. This article presents numerous cases of such violence to argue that it is not random, does not occur in a vacuum or at the whim of wayward officers. Rather, this gendered state violence is the expression of a patriarchal and hegemonic state that positions the woman at the border as out of place. Deploying performative theories, this article unmasks the masculine agenda enacted at the border to reveal that its violent exhibition of power serves many purposes.

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Border patrol: The U.S. customs service and the racial profiling of African American women

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Race, Gender, and the Perception of Recently Experiencing Unfair Treatment by the Police: Exploratory Results From an All-Black Sample

Race, Gender, and the Perception of Recently Experiencing Unfair Treatment by the Police: Exploratory Results From an All-Black Sample

Perceived Discrimination: Multiple Measures and the Intersections of Race and Gender

Unmasking State Harm: The Border as a Theatrical Space of Gendered Violence

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