Borderline ovarian tumors: Key points and workshop summary

Calretinin, CD34, and α-smooth muscle actin in the identification of peritoneal invasive implants of serous borderline tumors of the ovary

“…An additional problem of the criteria with the interpretation of peritoneal implants is the fact that distinguishing between invasive and noninvasive implants depends predominantly on the evaluation of the junction between the implant and surrounding normal tissue, which is often not available in small biopsy specimens. 18 We reveal that the use of three markers to identify mesothelial cells, stromal fibrocytes, and myofibroblasts is valuable for evaluation of invasiveness of each peritoneal nest and can be available in small biopsy specimens. Analysis of the published series reveals that, regardless of probable differences in diagnostic criteria used, the recurrence rate is higher and the long-term survival rate lower in cases with invasive implants, regardless of whether the ovarian tumor does or does not exhibit micropapillary features.…”

“…SBTs were classified as 'typical SBT' or 'SBT with micropapillary and/or cribriform pattern' according to previously published criteria. [14][15][16][17][18][19] Briefly, tumors characterized by variably sized fibrous papillae with a hierarchical branching architecture and lined by mildly to moderately atypical columnar, polygonal, or hobnail cells with tufting and detachment of epithelial clusters were classified as 'typical SBT.' Tumors displaying proliferation of elongate filiform micropapillae with little or no fibrovascular cores or those displaying a fused or cribriform pattern were classified as 'SBT with micropapillary/cribriform pattern.'…”

Data set for reporting of ovary, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal carcinoma: recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR)

“…The authors concluded that more extensive sampling was required in borderline tumours to exclude foci of invasion. According to the recommendations of the 2004 Bethesda Workshop for borderline ovarian tumours, 89 all borderline tumours should be well sampled-at least 1 block per centimetre of maximum tumour diameter for neoplasms o 10 cm and 2 sections per centimetre for larger tumours (excluding smooth-walled cystic foci). The recommendation that there should be more extensive sampling of larger tumours, especially those of mucinous type, reflects their greater likelihood of harbouring foci of invasive carcinoma.…”

Fertility-sparing surgery and outcome in fertile women with ovarian borderline tumors and epithelial invasive ovarian cancer

“…All the patients in this study in clinically stage Ia had either a borderline tumor or a well differentiated tumor, which may explain why there is no woman so far with any known recurrence despite not all patients in this study had a thorough staging operation. There are controversies related to the diagnosis of borderline tumors and the management of these tumors [13][14][15][16]. The definitions for borderline ovarian tumor have changed over the years.…”

“…The rule of four or more epithelial cell layers as a sign of malignancy is questioned and in borderline tumors it is acceptable with a stromal micro invasion in up to 5 mm of greatest linear measurement in any single focus and non-invasive peritoneal implants [13,17]. One pathologist (AM) reevaluated the histological specimens in 2005 by using these newer definitions for borderline ovarian tumor.…”