Borderline personality disorder

Abstract

Caretakers are often intimidated or alienated by patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), compounding the clinical challenges posed by the severe morbidity, high social costs and substantial prevalence of this disorder in many health-care settings. BPD is found in ∼1.7% of the general population but in 15-28% of patients in psychiatric clinics or hospitals and in a large proportion of individuals seeking help for psychological problems in general health facilities. BPD is characterized by extreme sensitivity to perceived interpersonal slights, an unstable sense of self, intense and volatile emotionality and impulsive behaviours that are often self-destructive. Most patients gradually enter symptomatic remission, and their rate of remission can be accelerated by evidence-based psychosocial treatments. Although self-harming behaviours and proneness to crisis can decrease over time, the natural course and otherwise effective treatments of BPD usually leave many patients with persistent and severe social disabilities related to depression or self-harming behaviours. Thus, clinicians need to actively enquire about the central issues of interpersonal relations and unstable identity. Failure to correctly diagnose patients with BPD leads to misleading pharmacological interventions that rarely succeed. Whether the definition of BPD should change is under debate that is linked to not fully knowing the nature of this disorder.

Induced illusory body ownership in Borderline Personality Disorder

“…Additionally, the authors found a small but significant correlation between illusory body ownership and state and trait dissociation after controlling for BPD symptom severity. We extend these findings by (1) testing group differences in the relative endorsement of target vs. non-target items, (2) probing responses to individual target items to explore more granular group differences in illusory experience, (3) directly testing hypotheses about asynchronous stimulation, and (4) exploring relationships between illusory body ownership and BPD symptom phenotypes and dimensional measures of maladaptive personality.…”

“…The embodied self in Borderline Personality Disorder 1.1.1. Self-disturbance is a core feature of BPD Aberrations of self-experience and identity are considered a core symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) [1]. Self-disturbance is characterized by a markedly persistent unstable sense of self that can be realized by dramatic shifts in self-image, shifting goals and values, and feelings of emptiness, dissociation, and non-existence [2,3].…”

Mentalization‐based treatment in groups for adolescents with borderline personality disorder: a randomized controlled trial

“…The prevalence of BPD in adolescents is similar to that found in adult populations: 1–3% in the general population, between 11–22% in outpatients, and up to 33–49% in inpatient settings (Sharp & Wall, ). BPD typically onsets in adolescence, and genetic, neurobiological, and psychosocial factors are thought to be central to its etiology (Gunderson, Herpertz, Skodol, Torgersen, & Zanarini, ; Thomsen, Ruocco, Carcone, Mathiesen, & Simonsen, ; Winsper et al, ). The reliability and validity of the BPD diagnosis in adolescence resemble that of adults, and BPD symptoms in childhood or adolescence are predictive of later functional disability (Grant et al, ; Sharp, ; Winsper et al, ).…”

Gender differences and similarities in aggression, suicidal behaviour, and psychiatric comorbidity in borderline personality disorder

“…Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by instability of interpersonal relationships, self‐image, and affect and marked impulsivity . BPD is associated with severe functional impairment and substantial mortality rate . A community prevalence of BPD is approximately 0.4–1.8% .…”