Boreal marine fauna from the Barents Sea disperse to Arctic Northeast Greenland

Andrews, Adam J.; Christiansen, Jørgen S.; Bhat, S. R.; Lynghammar, Arve; Westgaard, Jon‐Ivar; Pampoulie, Christophe; Præbel, Kim

doi:10.1101/394346

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Christiansen et al (2016) showed that Atlantic cod, beaked redfish ( Sebastes mentella ) and capelin distributions should already be expected further north than what had previously been reported and argued that input from the warmer Barents Sea may have been a factor in explaining the newly established species in Northeast Greenland. Andrews et al (2019) used genetic methods to confirm the boreal input to the Northeast Greenland fish fauna as coming from the Barents sea, by genotyping specimens of Atlantic cod, beaked redfish and northern shrimp and assigning them to ancestral populations. They further argued that given the juvenile stages of the fishes caught, the most likely explanation for the dispersal route was the dispersal of pelagic offspring via advection across the Fram Strait from the Barents Sea to Northeast Greenland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct latitudinal community patterns of Arctic marine vertebrates along the East Greenlandic coast detected by environmental DNA

Jensen

Høgslund

Knudsen

et al. 2022

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Greenland is one of the places on Earth where the effects of climate change are most evident. The retreat of sea ice has made East Greenland more accessible for longer periods during the year. East Greenland fjords have been notoriously difficult to study due to their remoteness, dense sea ice conditions and lack of infrastructure. As a result, biological monitoring across latitudinal gradients is scarce in East Greenland and relies on sporadic research cruises and trawl data from commercial vessels. We here aim to investigate the transition in fish and marine mammal communities from South to Northeast Greenland using environmental DNA (eDNA). Location South to Northeast Greenland. Methods We investigated the transition in fish and marine mammal communities from South to Northeast Greenland using eDNA metabarcoding of seawater samples. We included both surface and mesopelagic samples, collected over approximately 2400 km waterway distance, by sampling from Cape Farewell to Ella Island in August 2021. Results We demonstrate a clear transition in biological communities from south to northeast, with detected fish and mammal species matching known distributions. Samples from the southern areas were dominated by capelin (Mallotus villosus) and redfish (Sebastes), whereas northeastern samples were dominated by polar cod (Boreogadus saida), sculpins (Myoxocephalus) and ringed seal (Pusa hispida). We provide newly generated 12S rRNA barcodes from 87 fish species, bringing the public DNA database closer to full taxonomic coverage for Greenlandic fish species for this locus. Main Conclusions Our results demonstrate that eDNA sampling can detect latitudinal shifts in marine biological communities of the Arctic region, which can supplement traditional fish surveys in understanding species distributions and community compositions of marine vertebrates. Importantly, sampling of eDNA can be a feasible approach for detecting northward range expansions in remote areas as climate change progresses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct latitudinal community patterns of Arctic marine vertebrates along the East Greenlandic coast detected by environmental DNA

Jensen

Høgslund

Knudsen

et al. 2022

Diversity and Distributions

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“…Shifts in species distributions are already appearing faster than projected by current models, and the resulting mixing of species of differing biogeographic origins may lead to new evolutionary pressures and adaptations (50). Changes in the environment will not only alter the distribution patterns of native species but also open routes for invasive ones (54), with potentially large impacts on native biota and ecosystem services (e.g., seafood production).…”

Section: Biological Consequences Of the Changing Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attuning to a changing ocean

Stenseth

Payne

Bonsdorff

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The ocean is a lifeline for human existence, but current practices risk severely undermining ocean sustainability. Present and future social−ecological challenges necessitate the maintenance and development of knowledge and action by stimulating collaboration among scientists and between science, policy, and practice. Here we explore not only how such collaborations have developed in the Nordic countries and adjacent seas but also how knowledge from these regions contributes to an understanding of how to obtain a sustainable ocean. Our collective experience may be summarized in three points: 1) In the absence of long-term observations, decision-making is subject to high risk arising from natural variability; 2) in the absence of established scientific organizations, advice to stakeholders often relies on a few advisors, making them prone to biased perceptions; and 3) in the absence of trust between policy makers and the science community, attuning to a changing ocean will be subject to arbitrary decision-making with unforeseen and negative ramifications. Underpinning these observations, we show that collaboration across scientific disciplines and stakeholders and between nations is a necessary condition for appropriate actions.

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“…This is of relevance in the context of ongoing anthropogenic climate change, which is expected to be particularly severe in Arctic regions (Leduc et al, 2016). Here, cold adapted Arctic species will have limited possibilities for migrating to cooler environments and may experience increased competition and predation from boreal species (e.g., Andrews et al, 2019; Renaud et al, 2012). Consideration of phylogeographical patterns in Arctic species is therefore important for demarcating major units for conservation and for identifying possible secondary contact between divergent lineages that could increase standing genetic variation, and thus potential for adapting to altered temperature regimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A melting pot in the Arctic: Analysis of mitogenome variation in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) reveals a 1000‐km contact zone between highly divergent lineages

Jacobsen

Jensen

Nygaard

et al. 2021

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Analysing the geographical distribution of evolutionary linages can reveal the potential locations of past refugia and colonisation routes and thus can improve understanding of current patterns of genetic variation and adaptive potential. We analysed 94 full mitogenome sequences to assess phylogeographic relationships amongst ten Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) populations, from western Greenland, eastern Greenland, Iceland and Norway. In addition, we excised D-loop sequences, which were combined with previously published data in order to provide a circumpolar phylogeographical overview. In western Greenland, a secondary contact zone between Arctic and Atlantic evolutionary lineages was identified, spanning >1000 km, which geographically parallels a similar contact zone in Labrador, Canada. In eastern Greenland, Iceland and Norway, the Atlantic lineage was exclusively observed, whereas the northernmost western Greenland populations belonged to the Arctic lineage. The Arctic and Atlantic lineages were estimated to have diverged ca. 400,000 years BP, corresponding to the onset of the Saale glaciation, whereas the time of the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of the Arctic lineage was ca. 15,000 years BP. The Atlantic lineage comprised two subclades, with an estimated TMRCA of 60,000 BP, suggesting a complex history involving cryptic refugia or multiple recolonisations. Codon-based tests revealed no evidence for positive selection within the 13 coding genes, indicating that there are no mitochondrial genetic adaptations within or between lineages. Higher genetic diversity observed within the contact zone likely correlates with higher standing genetic variation that could contribute to adaptive responses and morphological diversification, which Arctic char is renowned.

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Boreal marine fauna from the Barents Sea disperse to Arctic Northeast Greenland

Abstract: All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.(which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Distinct latitudinal community patterns of Arctic marine vertebrates along the East Greenlandic coast detected by environmental DNA

Distinct latitudinal community patterns of Arctic marine vertebrates along the East Greenlandic coast detected by environmental DNA

Attuning to a changing ocean

A melting pot in the Arctic: Analysis of mitogenome variation in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) reveals a 1000‐km contact zone between highly divergent lineages

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