Boric acid‐induced immunotoxicity and genotoxicity in model insect<i>Galleria mellonella</i>L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Gwokyalya, Rehemah; Altuntaş, Hülya

doi:10.1002/arch.21588

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…We did not see evidence of growth and replication of hemocytes in our study. It is likely that hemocytes require the presence of additional factors in order to replicate 23 . Yamashita and Iwabuchi 16 reported that prohemocytes from Bombyx mori were more likely to divide if larval hemolymph was included in the culture medium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and primary culture of Galleria mellonella hemocytes for infection studies

Senior

Titball

2020

F1000Res

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Galleria mellonella larvae are increasingly used to study the mechanisms of virulence of microbial pathogens and to assess the efficacy of antimicrobials. The G. mellonella model can faithfully reproduce many aspects of microbial disease which are seen in mammals, and therefore allows a reduction in the use of mammals. The model is now being widely used by researchers in universities, research institutes and industry. An attraction of the model is the interaction between pathogen and host. Hemocytes are specialised phagocytic cells which resemble neutrophils in mammals and play a major role in the response of the larvae to infection. However, the detailed interactions of hemocytes with pathogens is poorly understood, and is complicated by the presence of different sub-populations of cells. We report here a method for the isolation of hemocytes from Galleria mellonella. A needle-stick injury of larvae, before harvesting, markedly increased the recovery of hemocytes in the hemolymph. The majority of the hemocytes recovered were granulocyte-like cells. The hemocytes survived for at least 7 days in culture at either 28°C or 37°C. Pre-treatment of larvae with antibiotics did not enhance the survival of the cultured hemocytes. Our studies highlight the importance of including sham injected, rather than un-injected, controls when the G. mellonella model is used to test antimicrobial compounds. Our method will now allow investigations of the interactions of microbial pathogens with insect hemocytes enhancing the value of G. mellonella as an alternative model to replace the use of mammals, and for studies on hemocyte biology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and primary culture of Galleria mellonella hemocytes for infection studies

Senior

Titball

2020

F1000Res

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“…Another mode of action of boric acid is the abrasiveness of the particles to the insect cuticle, 30,35,36 which may favor pest mortality when the element is applied onto the plants during fertilization. The use of this micronutrient via leaf is able to control diseases in brassicas, 15 therefore, such management can also cause the mortality of P. xylostella by topic application, which was not studied in this research.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Boric acid has been pointed out as effective for the control of several urban pests, 29 but one recent work has reported its effectiveness on Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae, an economically important agricultural insect-pest, killing this pest by ingestion. 30 The high mortality from consumption of boric acid may be related to the damage that this element can cause in the insect gut wall. 31 Since the application of boric acid via leaf in brassicas is able to increase the translocation of the micronutrient, being the most efficient way to make this element available within the plant, 32 the ingestion by P. xylostella larvae may have led them to death.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, when this component was used in conjunction with Bacillus thuringiensis, it enhanced mortality in Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 33 also demonstrating a possible potential for use as a new alternative for implementation of a joint application with Bacillus thuringiensis for the control of diamondback moth, already considered resistant to some toxins of this bacteria. 34 Another mode of action of boric acid is the abrasiveness of the particles to the insect cuticle, 30,35,36 which may favor pest mortality when the element is applied onto the plants during fertilization. The use of this micronutrient via leaf is able to control diseases in brassicas, 15 therefore, such management can also cause the mortality of P. xylostella by topic application, which was not studied in this research.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon and boron on cauliflower induce attractiveness and mortality in Plutella xylostella

Cardoso

Nunes

Silva

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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Background: Boron (B) and silicon (Si) are fundamental for brassica nutrition, and in some cases, they have potential as an insecticide. Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), one of the most economically important agricultural pests, is difficult to control due to the resistance to insecticides and the absence of alternative control methods.Results: Cauliflower leaves sprayed with Si and B showed a higher concentration of the beneficial element and micronutrient, respectively. When evaluating the firmness of the cauliflower leaves, it was found that the plants with leaf sprayings of Si and B did not differ statistically from each other. However, they showed an increase in firmness, in relation to the plants of the control treatment. Leaf spraying of Si and B on cauliflower did not influence the number of eggs/female. The attractiveness index showed that both Si and B applications stimulated the presence of second instar larvae, being more stimulating in relation to the control treatment. However, the use of Si and B in isolation showed a positive result, since it caused high mortality in diamondback moth larvae compared to the control treatment. Conclusion:The application of both foliar fertilizers positively affects the attractiveness index of the larvae, being attractive; however, both Si and B caused high mortality (∼80%). The results showed that Si and B have the potential to control P. xylostella and serve as a basis for alternative pest management in brassica crops.

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“…The total hemocyte count has been evaluated as an important marker in many studies on the immunity of the model organism G. mellonella (Er et al, 2010;Altuntaş et al, 2012;Er and Keskin, 2015;Kurt and Kayış, 2015;Gwokyalya and Altuntaş, 2019;Kaya et al, 2021a,b). In the aforementioned literatures, the increase in the number of hemocytes is generally interpreted as supporting immunity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demir, Selenyum ve Magnezyum ile Takviyenin Galleria mellonella Hücre Aracılı Bağışıklık Tepkileri Üzerindeki Etkileri

Kaya

Gündüz

2021

Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi

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Immune responses play a key role in the survival of all living things. Intake of inorganic materials is of critical importance in living organisms because of their participation in metabolism and some component of cells. Iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) and selenium (Se) were selected for this study because of their participation in critical constituents of cells, such as nucleic acids and enzymes in living organisms, and their indirect and direct effects on immunity. Although the separate effects of these inorganic materials are known, there is no study on their combined effects. Galleria mellonella, which is used as a model organism, is frequently used in evaluating of effects of human pathogens due to its various properties. Total hemocyte counts and encapsulationmelanization responses are the most commonly observed parameters when examining the immune responses of this model organism. In our study, the effects of the selected inorganic materials added in the ratio of 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% in the nutrient content of G. mellonella on the immune responses of this organism were investigated. As a result of the study, it was found that only 0.25% of the doses increased the hemocyte count and that the other doses significantly decreased compared to the control group. However, it was determined that 0.5% and 1% feeding caused a significant decrease in both hemocyte count and encapsulationmelanization responses. According to our findings, the nutrients which have over a certain dose by inorganic substances have negative effects on immunity.

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Boric acid‐induced immunotoxicity and genotoxicity in model insectGalleria mellonellaL. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Cited by 27 publications

References 62 publications

Isolation and primary culture of Galleria mellonella hemocytes for infection studies

Isolation and primary culture of Galleria mellonella hemocytes for infection studies

Silicon and boron on cauliflower induce attractiveness and mortality in Plutella xylostella

Demir, Selenyum ve Magnezyum ile Takviyenin Galleria mellonella Hücre Aracılı Bağışıklık Tepkileri Üzerindeki Etkileri

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