Boron and Zinc Diminish Grey Necrosis Incidence by the Promotion of Desirable Microorganisms on Hazelnut Orchards

Abstract

In the southern hemisphere, the commercial production of hazelnut has increased in recent years, with a concomitant detection of new pathogens associated with plant production, so-called emerging infectious diseases (EIDs). Gray necrosis (GN) is a hazelnut disease that causes 30% of economic losses in Europe. In this sense, we recently reported GN as an EID in Chile, the main hazelnut producer in the southern hemisphere. Therefore, control strategies are urgently required to avoid disease dissemination. In this study, the effect of boron (B) and zinc (Zn) fertilization on the incidence of GN was determined. Additionally, the community composition of microorganisms via Dendrogram Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) was evaluated, and bacteria from internal tissue (endophytic) were isolated to study their bio-control traits under greenhouse conditions. The microbial occurrence and biocontrol ability was evaluated using MALDI-TOF/TOF. According to the results, B and Zn promote beneficial bacteria which may be able to diminish symptoms associated with GN. Thus, beneficial microorganisms, applied in combination with micronutrients, could be synergistically applied in sustainable agriculture.

Zinc and Boron Soil Applications Affect Athelia rolfsii Stress Response in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Plants

“…On the other hand, B has been reported as an antifungal agent that directly inhibits the growth of numerous pathogenic fungi [40,41]. Furthermore, recent research has also proposed that both Zn and B suppress fungal growth by enhancing the endophytic biocontrol bacterial community thereby enhancing the plant growth [59]. Hence, ensuring proper plant nutrition is one of the essential approaches for the sustainable management of plant disease.…”

Use Of Micronized Calcium Carbonate-Based Sunscreen on Young European Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) in Commercial Nursery Under Environmental Stress Conditions During the Summer Period

“…Chile is the main producer in the southern hemisphere and ranks fifth worldwide, after countries such as Turkey (63.2%), Italy (13.4%), Azerbaijan (4.7) and the USA (4.2%) (FAOSTAT, 2020). The production areas in Chile are concentrated in the central south and south of the country, characterized by a Mediterranean and temperate climate, respectively (Durán et al, 2022). Currently, these areas cover an area of 30,000 hectares (ha) with an annual growth rate of 2,000 to 3,000 ha (ODEPA, 2020, Moya-Elizondo et al, 2022.…”