Boron Doped ZIF‐67@Graphene Derived Carbon Electrocatalyst for Highly Efficient Enzyme‐Free Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor

Abstract

A new hydrogen peroxide detection sensitive material, boron doped carbonized ZIF‐67@graphene (Co‐N/C@G‐B) is synthesized through pyrolysis of a sandwich‐like ZIF‐67 coating graphene material. After doping boron atoms by using chemical vapor deposition method, new active sites such as Co2B and BNC bonds are created, and mesopores are significantly increased. Most importantly, this Co‐N/C@G‐B material is found to exhibit excellent performance as an enzyme‐free biosensor for detecting hydrogen peroxide with a very wide detection range (from 0.5 × 10−6 to 60 × 10−3m), a low detection limit (0.19 × 10−6m), and a rapid response time (≈3 s). The prepared biosensor also shows strong anti‐interference ability in the complex working occasions. Furthermore, for real application of the materials, an electronic device of biosensor is developed by using technologies of screen printing electrode, integrated circuit, 3D printed shell, and custom‐developed program, which shows high sensitivity and portability to detect hydrogen peroxide. Such device paves a way for further practical application of advanced materials in commercial scale.

Tailoring atomically dispersed cobalt–nitrogen active sites in wrinkled carbon nanosheets via “fence” isolation for highly sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide

“…The outstanding performance of the Co (4%)–N/CNS-based sensor is attributed to the following: (i) the highly wrinkled CNS structure with a relatively high graphitization degree can provide a more effective surface area and low charge transfer resistance, (ii) the Zn sublimation-induced abundant atomically dispersed Co–N x active sites exposed on the surface of the CNS can effectively adsorb and catalyze H 2 O 2 molecules, (iii) the mesopore-rich structure significantly promotes the mass transfer of H 2 O 2 molecules, and (iv) the high nitrogen content contributes to the generation of more catalytically active topological defects and acts as the electron donors to increase the concentration of charge carriers, thereby accelerating the rapid electron transfer in the catalytic reaction. The M–N/C electrocatalysts have universal quasi-four electron transfer ability, 45 so the reaction process on Co (4%)–N/CNS may be a two-electron reduction catalysis from H 2 O 2 to H 2 O, 46 that is, H 2 O 2 molecules are chemically adsorbed to the Co–N x moieties and then directly reduced to H 2 O through a two-electron reaction, 13 as shown in Fig. 6c.…”

Detecting residual chemical disinfectant using an atomic Co–Nx–C anchored neuronal-like carbon catalyst modified amperometric sensor

“…21,22 For example, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF) have been developed as an efficient template for the synthesis of SACs with M-N-C active sites owing to the pre-designed isolated metal node bonding with imidazole linkers intrinsically containing N. 23,24 Although the ZIF template can help to disperse M-N-C sites, there are still two problems that inhibit the development of ZIF-derived SACs: (1) discrete ZIF particles limit the conductivity of SACs, impairing the electron transfer during the sensing process; 25,26 (2) nitrogen and metal elements are easily lost during high-temperature pyrolysis, reducing the number of active sites. 27,28 Our design strategy is to apply the two-dimensional structure of graphene oxide to connect discrete ZIF particles to provide a new electron transmission channel between ZIF particles. Simultaneously, GO is reduced and agglomerated at high temperatures, which can shrink and wrap ZIF particles.…”

Plasma functionalized MoSe2 for efficient nonenzymatic sensing of hydrogen peroxide in ultra‐wide pH range

“…Electrochemical sensors convert the electrochemical interactions between the target analyte and electrode into a detectable electrical signal. The primary mechanism for electrochemical detection of H 2 O 2 is the two‐electron reduction process 12 : where ·OH ad is the adsorbed state of ·OH. Most commercial electrochemical H 2 O 2 sensors use enzymes and proteins as the catalytic active sites but have inherent disadvantages such as the low stability, complex fabrication, high cost, and limited pH operational range (near neutral in most cases) 13,14 .…”

“…[9][10][11] Electrochemical sensors convert the electrochemical interactions between the target analyte and electrode into a detectable electrical signal. The primary mechanism for electrochemical detection of H 2 O 2 is the two-electron reduction process 12 :…”