Botanical Pesticides in Agriculture

Prakash, Anand; Rao, Jagadiswari

doi:10.1201/9781315138572

Cited by 116 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…It was also reported that dried neem leaves have been admixed with stored paddy or a thick layer of 20-30 cm leaves between the bags and floor to protect stored paddy from insects Moreover, neem leaves are evidenced in protecting rice and wheat grains stored in gunny bags against wide array of grain boring insects. Furthermore, neem leaf powder displayed toxicity to Callosobruchus chinensis and absolute grain protection on Rizopertha dominica for 6 months in storage while reducing adult emergence of Corcyra cephalonica by 52-56% and larval mortality by 40-45% in sorghum (Prakash and Rao, 1997).…”

Section: Contact Insecticidal Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

Perera

Karunaratne

Chinthaka

2018

JTFE

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Neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss), is known to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties and is thus commercially exploitable. Apart from its medicinal potential, a considerable progress has been achieved regarding biological potential and chemical composition of the leaves which is an ever-increasing interest to the scientific community. During this study, biological phenomena and secondary metabolite composition of A. indica leaves were examined in the management of Sitophilus zeamais on stored maize. Insecticidal and repellent potential of A. indica leaf powders were evaluated in both contact and fumigant forms. Phytochemical screening of 11 phyto constituents was performed following the standard procedures for n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous leaf extracts. Volatile profile of A. indica leaves was characterized by employing headspace-solid-phase micro extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Over 60% weevil repellency was recorded at doses above 23.33%, whereas 100% and 67% contact and fumigation mortalities were observed respectively, 9 days after treatment at the dose of 33.33% and the respected LD50 values were 1.56 g and 4.48 g. Thirty two volatile compounds were identified in three distinct chemical classes (Monoterpenoid, sesquiterpenoid and purine nucleosides). γ-Elemene (24.06%), 3,7 (11)-eudesmadiene (6.83%), caryophyllene (6.40%), and 10s,11s-himachala-3(12),4-diene (6.36%) were the major constituents of neem leaf volatiles, followed by other compounds present in less than 4% which might be responsible for varied biological activities observed. Thus the odour impact of the bioassayguided study clearly implies that A. indica leaves can be harnessed against S. zeamais infestations.

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Section: Contact Insecticidal Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

Perera

Karunaratne

Chinthaka

2018

JTFE

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“…In fact, botanical pesticides are in use in Indian agriculture for over a century to minimize losses caused by pests and diseases (Prakash et al, 1997). Botanical pesticides have many advantages over synthetic pesticides like: in general it possess low mammalian toxicity thus constitute least or no health hazards and environmental pollution, There is practically no risk of developing pest resistance to these products when used in natural forms, These causes less damage to non-target organisms and pest resistance has not been reported except synthetic pyrethroids.…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) Pp 2501-2508mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Potential of Different Plant Products and Synthetic Insecticides and Their Economics against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis in Rice

Pandey¹,

Dubey²,

Gajbhiye³

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…One alternative of pest control which can be used to overcome the shortcomings of synthetic insecticides is entomopathogenic organisms [4]. One example of entomopathogenic organisms is fungi capable of infecting various types of pests from several orders by infiltrating into the host insect's body through the skin, gastrointestinal tract, spiracles and other openings [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction and Toxicity Assay of Mycotoxin from Entomopathogenic Fungi Isolate of Kusuma Agrowisata Orchard Batu, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

Janli

Purwanto²,

Artadana³

et al. 2017

KLS

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Insect pest control has been a major problem faced by farmers around the world and there has been no perfect solution to handle it. The use of insecticides derived from chemically active compounds has made negative impacts such as the emergence of resistant pest and disruption of ecosystems. In addition, it raised many other negative impacts on the environment and on non-target organisms. Therefore, an alternative is needed to replace chemical insecticides. Entomopathogenic fungus is one of the potential biological control organism to suppress the growth of insect pests. This study aims to extract mycotoxin from entomopathogenic fungi isolated from the apple orchard at Batu, East Java, Indonesia and determine the level of toxicity against Tenebrio molitor larvae. Mycotoxin was extracted using precipitation with ammonium sulphate and dialysis. It was subjected to molecular weight analysis and toxicity test to determine the LC50 value. Results showed that protein bands were found between 20 kDa to 55 kDa. Based on the study, the mycotoxin showed a LC50 at a concentration of 42.78 μg · mL −1 .

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Botanical Pesticides in Agriculture

Cited by 116 publications

References 0 publications

Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

Comparative Potential of Different Plant Products and Synthetic Insecticides and Their Economics against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis in Rice

Extraction and Toxicity Assay of Mycotoxin from Entomopathogenic Fungi Isolate of Kusuma Agrowisata Orchard Batu, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

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