BOTDA-nondestructive measurement of single-mode optical fiber attenuation characteristics using Brillouin interaction: theory

Horiguchi, T.; Tateda, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.1109/50.32378

Cited by 482 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Among them, Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) [1], [2] has evolved into a consolidated fiber sensing technology that is now widely used in different application domains (civil engineering, pipelines, fire detection, etc. ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman-Assisted Brillouin Distributed Temperature Sensor Over 100 km Featuring 2 m Resolution and 1.2 $^{\circ}$C Uncertainty

Angulo-Vinuesa

Martín‐López

Nuño

et al. 2012

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-Raman assistance in distributed sensors based on Brillouin optical time-domain analysis can significantly extend the measurement distance. In this paper, we have developed a 2 m resolution long-range Brillouin distributed sensor that reaches 100 km using first-order Raman assistance. The estimated uncertainty in temperature discrimination is 1.2 C, even for the position of worst contrast. The parameters used in the experiment are supported by a simple analytical model of the required values, considering the main limitations of the setup.Index Terms-Brillouin scattering, distributed optic fiber sensor, distributed Raman amplification, Raman scattering, temperature sensor.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman-Assisted Brillouin Distributed Temperature Sensor Over 100 km Featuring 2 m Resolution and 1.2 $^{\circ}$C Uncertainty

Angulo-Vinuesa

Martín‐López

Nuño

et al. 2012

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…Our proposed method is based on Brillouin Optical TimeDomain Analysis (BOTDA) [23], which counts among optical time domain reflectometry techniques [24]. It has been already implemented for the realization of localized nonlinear interaction between contra-directional waves [25]- [27].…”

Section: The Proposed Methods For Extraction Of Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive and Accurate Dispersion Map Extraction of HNLFs by Frequency Tuning of a Degenerate FWM

Alishahi

Vedadi

Shoaie

et al. 2016

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-A sensitive and accurate method for dispersion map extraction along an arbitrarily profiled highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) is proposed. High sensitivity is achieved by positioning the wavelength of a signal at the band edge of the modulation instability (MI) spectrum generated by an intense degenerate four wave mixing (FWM) pump. In doing so, the to-be-extracted dispersion fluctuations leave a more drastic effect on the FWM-generated power since they either inflate or deflate the MI spectrum. The accuracy of the method is increased by monitoring the distribution of power along the fiber. Once the power distribution is measured along the fiber, dispersion map of the HNLF is extracted using an appropriate inverse algorithm, which reconstructs the dispersion with a highlevel ofaccuracy.Index Terms-Brillouin optical time domain analysis, dispersion map, four wave mixing, highly nonlinear fiber, parametric amplification, zero-dispersion wavelength.

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“…Thus, this method requires a closed measurement loop from the analyser to the sensing cable and back to the analyser again. This stimulation creates significantly higher signal to noise ratio, enabling low powered pump lasers to be used [4]. Similar to BOTDR, the return signal experiences a linearly dependent strain induced frequency shift, which is captured by the analyser.…”

Section: Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analyses (Botda)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The monitoring of an existing cast iron tunnel with distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS)

Gue

Wilcock

Alhaddad

et al. 2015

J Civil Struct Health Monit

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Instrumentation is vital to tunnelling projects for validation of design assumptions, monitoring of trigger levels during construction and also serving as a feedback loop to understand the deformation mechanisms of the particular problem which could be used to improve future designs. It can also be used for long term monitoring of the tunnel for maintenance purposes. Distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS) systems based on brillouin optical time domain reflectometry are able to provide continuous and distributed strain measurements to be taken along the entire length of, for example, an existing cast iron tunnel where the fibre optic cable length is fully attached. This enables engineers to understand the stresses and strains that develop within the lining caused by external influences; which in this case, the construction of a new tunnel directly underneath it, rather than relying on discrete point measurements of displacement from conventional methods of monitoring. Nonetheless, proper installation of DFOS is of paramount importance to obtain high quality data. This paper aims to provide some practical guidance on the planning and installation of DFOS and presents a brief case study on the monitoring of London's Royal Mail tunnel during the construction of the large Crossrail platform tunnel, located directly below it at Liverpool Street Station. It demonstrates the potential benefits of using such systems in complex tunnelling scenarios.

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BOTDA-nondestructive measurement of single-mode optical fiber attenuation characteristics using Brillouin interaction: theory

Cited by 482 publications

References 17 publications

Raman-Assisted Brillouin Distributed Temperature Sensor Over 100 km Featuring 2 m Resolution and 1.2 $^{\circ}$C Uncertainty

Raman-Assisted Brillouin Distributed Temperature Sensor Over 100 km Featuring 2 m Resolution and 1.2 $^{\circ}$C Uncertainty

Sensitive and Accurate Dispersion Map Extraction of HNLFs by Frequency Tuning of a Degenerate FWM

The monitoring of an existing cast iron tunnel with distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS)

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