Both CP15 and CP25 are left as trails behind gliding sporozoites of Cryptosporidium parvum (Apicomplexa)

Tilley, Michael

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(94)90483-9

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…A membrane aminopeptidase involved in excystation has been described elsewhere [36], as have a cysteine proteinase [37] and a hemolysin [38]. Factors that are thought to be of importance in infectivity include molecules that mediate adherence and cell attachment, such as lectins [39,40], Gp 900, a rhoptry glycoprotein of high molecular weight [41], TRAP-C, a protein with similarity to thrombospondin related adhesion molecules [42], and others, such as 15 and 25 kDa proteins associated with parasite gliding [43]. The presence of an enterotoxin has also been suggested by in vitro studies [44,45], but a definite molecule has yet to be identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence of Three DistinctCryptosporidium parvumIsolates for Healthy Adults

et al. 1999

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The infectivity of three Cryptosporidium parvum isolates (Iowa [calf], UCP [calf], and TAMU [horse]) of the C genotype was investigated in healthy adults. After exposure, volunteers recorded the number and form of stools passed and symptoms experienced. Oocyst excretion was assessed by immunofluorescence. The ID50 differed among isolates: Iowa, 87 (SE, 19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 48.67-126); UCP, 1042 (SE, 1000; 95% CI, 0-3004); and TAMU, 9 oocysts (SE, 2.34; 95% CI, 4.46-13.65); TAMU versus Iowa, P=.002 or UCP, P=.019. Isolates also differed significantly (P=.045) in attack rate between TAMU (86%) and Iowa (52%) or UCP (59%). A trend toward a longer duration of diarrhea was seen for the TAMU (94.5 h) versus UCP (81.6 h) and Iowa (64.2 h) isolates. C. parvum isolates of the C genotype differ in their infectivity for humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence of Three DistinctCryptosporidium parvumIsolates for Healthy Adults

et al. 1999

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“…The genes used in the present study were chosen to provide a comparison with a previous study, which examined gene expression in cell culture (Jakobi and Petry, 2006). The cp15 gene is expressed by the infective sporozoite and merozoite stages (Jenkins and Fayer, 1995) and is involved in the invasion and/or the host immune response to infection (Moss et al, 1998;Sturbaum et al, 2003;Tilley and Upton, 1994). The gp900 gene is a microneme protein involved in invasion that has been detected in both sporozoites and merozoites (Bonnin et al, 2001;Cevallos et al, 2000;Petersen et al, 1992).…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of cell-free culture using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gene expression studies

Yang

Elankumaran

Hijjawi

et al. 2015

Experimental Parasitology

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• Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterisation of life cycle stages in cell-free culture.• Comparison of gene expression in cell culture and cell-free culture.• Gene expression cell-free culture was delayed and was lower.• Data provide support for cell-free culture of Cryptosporidium. A cell-free culture system for Cryptosporidium parvum was analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterise life cycle stages and compare gene expression in cell-free culture and cell culture using HCT-8 cells. Cryptosporidium parvum samples were harvested at 2 h, 8 h, 14 h, 26 h, 50 h, 74 h, 98 h, 122 h and 170 h, chemically fixed and specimens were observed using a Zeiss 1555 scanning electron microscope. The presence of sporozoites, trophozoites and type I merozoites were identified by SEM. Gene expression in cell culture and cell-free culture was studied using reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) of the sporozoite surface antigen protein (cp15), the glycoprotein 900 (gp900), the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes in both cell free and conventional cell culture. In cell culture, cp15 expression peaked at 74 h, gp900 expression peaked at 74 h and 98 h and COWP expression peaked at 50 h. In cell-free culture, CP15 expression peaked at 98 h, gp900 expression peaked at 74 h and COWP expression peaked at 122 h. The present study is the first to compare gene expression of C. parvum in cell culture and cell-free culture and to characterise life cycle stages of C. parvum in cell-free culture using SEM. Findings from this study showed that gene expression patterns in cell culture and cell-free culture were similar but in cell-free culture, gene expression was delayed for CP15 and COWP in cell free culture compared with the cell culture system and was lower. Although three life cycle stageswere conclusively identified, improvements in SEM methodology should lead to the detection of more life cycle stages. G R A P H I C A L A B S T R A C T

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“…Subcellular fractionation shows that P23 can be found in the micronemes of C. parvum sporozoites (Petry et al, unpublished). This evidence is corroborated by the observation that CP15 and P23 are shed from the surface of sporozoites during gliding motility [65,70]. The subcellular localisation of CP15/60, CP15 and P23 would point to these antigens as possible vaccine candidates.…”

Section: Surface and Micronemal Proteins Of Sporozoitesmentioning

confidence: 57%

Speculation on whether a vaccine against cryptosporidiosis is a reality or fantasy

Graaf

Spano

Petry

et al. 1999

International Journal for Parasitology

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In this paper the authors question whether the development of a vaccine against cryptosporidiosis could be taken into consideration. The necessity and feasibility of such a vaccine for human and veterinary application is discussed. Developmental stages within the life cycle of the parasite that might act as possible targets for vaccine development are summarised, as well as the target antigens offered by molecular biology and immunology studies. Vaccination trials against cryptosporidiosis carried out so far, including the active and passive immunisation approach, are also overviewed. It seems that with respect to a Cryptosporidium vaccine two target groups can be considered: children of the developing world and neonatal ruminants. Antigens representing possible candidates for a subunit vaccine were identified based on their function, location and/or the immune response they evoke. While the active vaccination of newborn calves, lambs and goat kids has to face a number of important limitations, the passive immunisation approach, where dams were immunised to protect their progeny by colostral transfer, was proven to be a valuable alternative. Finally, a number of points of action for the near future are put forward.

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Both CP15 and CP25 are left as trails behind gliding sporozoites of Cryptosporidium parvum (Apicomplexa)

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Virulence of Three DistinctCryptosporidium parvumIsolates for Healthy Adults

Virulence of Three DistinctCryptosporidium parvumIsolates for Healthy Adults

Validation of cell-free culture using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gene expression studies

Speculation on whether a vaccine against cryptosporidiosis is a reality or fantasy

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