Bothrops atrox venom: Biochemical properties and cellular phenotypes of three highly toxic classes of toxins

Lopes-de-Souza, Letícia; Costal-Oliveira, Fernanda; Rodrigues, Carolina Rego; Stransky, Stephanie; Assis, Thamyres C.S. de; Liberato, Camila; Vivas-Ruiz, Dan; Chocas, Armando Yarlequé; Guerra-Duarte, Clara; Braga, Vania; Chávez-Olortégui, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2023.140930

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…A 24 h period of testing is selected as a conservative duration for pre-hospital trauma hemostatic devices; they are expected to make skin contact within hours before patients reach a hospital. Primary human keratinocytes were used as a result of their sensitivity to injury and harmful stimuli, which have been shown to effectively indicate a significant response to low levels of toxic materials. − Results in Figure A showed that, after 24 h incubation, there was no significant difference in nHEK viability between CNF-treated samples (1–1000 μg/mL) and the untreated sample, while treatment with 0.1% Triton X-100 reduced viability of the cells to 0%. Two concentrations of CNF at 20 or 200 μg/mL and 24 h of incubation with cells were selected for testing of apoptosis, necrosis, and genotoxicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe and Efficacious Near Superhydrophobic Hemostat for Reduced Blood Loss and Easy Detachment in Traumatic Wounds

Dong,

Xu,

Lian

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Hemorrhage is the leading cause of trauma death, and innovation in hemostatic technology is important. The strongly hydrophobic carbon nanofiber (CNF) coating has previously been shown to have excellent hemostatic properties. However, the understanding of how CNF coating guides the coagulation cascade and the biosafety of CNF as hemostatic agents has yet to be explored. Here, our thrombin generation assay investigation showed that CNF induced fast blood coagulation via factor (F) XII activation of the intrinsic pathway. We further performed studies of a rat vein injury and demonstrated that the CNF gauze enabled a substantial reduction of blood loss compared to both the plain gauze and kaolin-imbued gauze (QuikClot). Analysis of blood samples from the model revealed no acute toxicity from the CNF gauze, with no detectable CNF deposition in any organ, suggesting that the immobilization of CNF on our gauze prevented the infiltration of CNF into the bloodstream. Direct injection of CNF into the rat vein was also investigated and found not to elicit overt acute toxicity or affect animal survival or behavior. Finally, toxicity assays with primary keratinocytes revealed minimal toxicity responses to CNF. Our studies thus supported the safety and efficacy of the CNF hemostatic gauze, highlighting its potential as a promising approach in the field of hemostatic control.

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