Bottom water warming along the pathway of lower circumpolar deep water in the Pacific Ocean

Kawano, Takeshi; Fukasawa, Masao; Kouketsu, Shinya; Uchida, Hiroshi; Doi, Toshimasa; Kaneko, Ikuo; Aoyama, Michio; Schneider, Wolfgang

doi:10.1029/2006gl027933

Cited by 78 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The Antarctic and North Atlantic limbs of the MOC appear to be of similar magnitude (e.g., Lumpkin and Speer 2007) Kawano et al 2006;Johnson et al 2007), and south Indian Oceans (e.g., Johnson et al 2008a) have all warmed over the last decade, indicating a change in the Antarctic contribution to the MOC. Furthermore, bottom waters close to Antarctica, at least in the Indian Ocean sector, also appear to have freshened (Rintoul 2007;Johnson et al 2008a), consistent with decadal time scale freshening in the source regions for this bottom water (Jacobs et al 2002).…”

Section: S62mentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Climate in 2008

Peterson¹,

Baringer²

2009

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

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Section: S62mentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Climate in 2008

Peterson¹,

Baringer²

2009

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

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“…Assessing the sensitivity of AABW production and its contribution to the global thermohaline circulation is critical, because of the predicted impacts of a reduction/shutdown on the global climate system 5,6 . It is recently reported that the bottom layer of the North Pacific Ocean has been warming, possibly because of a slowdown of the Pacific meridional overturning circulation [7][8][9][10][11] . There is observational evidence that the overflows of DSWs formed off the Adélie and George V Land coast of East Antarctica predominantly supplies the bottom layer water in the Australian-Antarctic Basin 12,13 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Mertz Glacier Tongue calving on dense water formation and export

2011

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Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) is a critical component of the global climate system, occupying the abyssal layer of the World Ocean and driving the lower limb of the global meridional overturning circulation. Around East Antarctica, the dense shelf water (DSW) precursor to AABW is predominantly formed by enhanced sea ice formation in coastal polynyas. The dominant source region of AABW supply to the Australian-Antarctic Basin is the Adélie and George V Land coast, in particular, polynyas formed in the western lee of the Mertz Glacier Tongue (MGT) and the grounded iceberg B9b over the Adélie and the Mertz Depressions, respectively. The calving of the MGT, which occurred on 12-13 February 2010, dramatically changed the environment for producing DSW. Here, we assess its impact using a state-of-the-art ice-ocean model. The model shows that oceanic circulation and sea ice production in the region changes immediately after the calving event, and that the DSW export is reduced by up to 23%.

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“…Moreover, changes in these water properties are small enough in most regions that the higher accuracy of research ship observations is necessary for monitoring. The quasi-decadal repeats are now revealing increases in deep ocean temperature at almost all locations in the global ocean ( [106] and [107]). The changes are only relatively large in the vicinity (hundreds to thousands of kilometers) of the deep water sources, thus reflecting changes in ventilation properties -volume, temperature and density.…”

Section: Interior Ocean Beneath the Mixed Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Ventilation and Circulation

Talley¹,

Fine²,

Lumpkin³

et al. 2010

Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society

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There has been tremendous progress in the last decade in observing surface circulation and its variability, mainly resulting from the longer records and higher quality of various satellite and surface drifter data sets, along with new analysis methods. Observation of upper ocean subsurface circulation is necessarily lagging behind because in situ sampling cannot match the satellite coverage; progress is being made using Argo (Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography) profiling, subsurface velocities (moorings and floats), and data assimilation. Western and eastern boundary regions have very different spatial and temporal sampling requirements from the interior circulation and from each other; few are fully instrumented for longterm monitoring, but these are producing climateappropriate records of velocity, temperature and transport. Coastal circulation is increasingly monitored by high frequency radars.Ventilation and upwelling processes connect the surface layer and underlying interior. Locally these processes are complex combinations of air-sea fluxes, convection, stratification/restratification, and frontal processes, down to the submesoscale (1 to 10 km). Ongoing research ship observations provide quantitative information on formation rates and residence times, and compelling evidence of decadal ventilation changes. The Argo profiler network is beginning to produce time series that show interannual variations in major water masses.Combination of improving air-sea flux products and surface density distributions is yielding ever-improving quantitative estimates of formation rates and variability. Progress in understanding the many processes involved in ventilation has been made through regional experiments and high-resolution modeling of mixed layer and frontal processes.Recommendations for the next decade include: maintenance of relevant existing observing systems, continued improvement of air-sea flux products, continued improvement of synthesis methods, implementation of the satellite SWOT (Surface Water Ocean Topography) and surface salinity missions, expansion of autonomous subsurface profiling to include oxygen and turbulence profiling, and implementation of local observing systems in strategic locations in boundary currents and dense water formation sites.

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Bottom water warming along the pathway of lower circumpolar deep water in the Pacific Ocean

Cited by 78 publications

References 23 publications

State of the Climate in 2008

State of the Climate in 2008

Impact of the Mertz Glacier Tongue calving on dense water formation and export

Surface Ventilation and Circulation

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