Bouche délicieuse et bouche déchirée : proverbe et polémique chez les Bwa du Mali

Leguy, Cécile

doi:10.3917/ls.092.0045

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…To perform a proverb one must first be somehow empowered to do so. Such power results from one's own social status and also depends upon one's relationship with the addressee (Leguy 2000). So a father can afford to make disapproving comments to his son, but the son cannot respond in the same way, given his inferior status.…”

Section: <1>proverbs and Other Forms Of Veiled Speechmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Palgrave Handbook of African Oral Traditions and Folklore

2021

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How should one studies formulations that belong to oral tradition, but that emerge directly from ordinary discourse, such as proverbs, idiomatic expressions, or message-names attributed to people? How can they be studied as folklore data, and as practices that make sense socially too? The first-generation of French ethnographers were aware of language issues, under the influence of Marcel Mauss. The ethnolinguistic perspective proposed by Geneviève Calame-Griaule in the 1960's encouraged scholars to pay even closer attention to speech, particularly in the oral tradition, as well as its uses and effects on social life. This chapter contributes to this cross-disciplinary approach, with a study of veiled speech and unspoken in Africa. Beginning with an investigation of proverbial speech, it proceeds to look at the naming process, and in particular the use of names as indirect messages. In the African context, when the power and dangers of speech are taken into consideration by people, identifiable discursive strategies reveal, not only meaning, but also social relationships. By paying attention to indirectness and other uses of implicit information in ordinary communication, the aim of this chapter is to refine the principles and tools of a pragmatic approach to oral traditions and language practices for both anthropologists and folklorists.

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Section: <1>proverbs and Other Forms Of Veiled Speechmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Palgrave Handbook of African Oral Traditions and Folklore

2021

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“…3b&4). Boyer et al (2013) suggest that P. augusta indiscriminately 371 predates on earthworms that are available, however to conclude this for both species would 372 require further information on the earthworm community in the respective habitats, and the 373 behaviour of earthworms themselves (anecic, epigeic, or endogeic in the case of earthworms 374 (Bouché 1972)). Until this information is available, it may be remiss to assume that habitat 375 sufficient to support one species of Powelliphanta would be suitable for another.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pyrosequencing of prey DNA in faeces of carnivorous land snails to facilitate ecological restoration and relocation programmes

2014

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Identifying and understanding predator diets is of high importance in biological conservation. This is particularly true for the introduction, establishment and maintenance of predator populations in newly created or modified ecological communities, such as translocation sites or restored habitats. Conservation status of predators may not permit captive feeding trials or intrusive gut-content methods, so non-intrusive diet assessment is required, such as faecal analysis. However, prey such as earthworms leave no morphological clues suitable for accurately discriminating between species consumed through visual faecal analysis. This study uses non-intrusive molecular methods on earthworm DNA extracted from the faeces of the carnivorous land snail Powelliphanta patrickensis to identify its earthworm diet and any seasonal trends. Data from 454-pyrosequencing revealed earthworm DNA in all samples (n = 60). Sequences were compared to a DNA library created from published and unpublished studies of New Zealand's endemic earthworms and online databases. Unidentified earthworm sequences were clustered into molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs). Twenty-six MOTUs were identified, 17 of which matched the library, whereas nine did not. Similarity indices indicate that there were seasonal differences (P < 0.05) in the earthworm communities represented in the summer and the winter diets. This study highlights the importance of utilising the vast body of data generated by pyrosequencing to investigate potential temporal diet shifts in protected species. The method described here is widely applicable to a wide range of predatory species of conservation interest and can further inform habitat restoration and relocation programmes to optimize the long-term survival of the target species.

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“…Les noms-messages ainsi donnés sont alors le signe d'une volonté de préservation des bonnes relations : on dénonce de manière allusive une situation en espérant que la personne concernée saura l'interpréter et changera d'attitude, mais on le fait sans remous, en évitant tout conflit ouvert. De la même façon, signifier et condamner des conflits familiaux par l'intermédiaire de noms-messages permet aussi d'affirmer une certaine autorité en montrant qu'on ne craint pas de manifester son opinion, même si par ailleurs on laisse faire les choses.Un homme sensé, surtout s'il est d'un certain âge et qu'il a donc acquis une bonne maîtrise du langage, sait comment exprimer sa pensée sans émettre de mauvaises paroles contrôle particulièrement condamnable dans ce contexte où l'on dit de celui qui parle sans prendre la peine de voiler ses propos qu'il a « la bouche déchirée », qu'il ne contrôle pas sa bouche et laisse sortir par la déchirure qu'il a aux commissures des lèvres des mots qu'il devrait être capable de garder à l'intérieur (cf Leguy 2000)…”

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