Boundaries of ethnic identity in Central Asia: titular and Russian perceptions of ethnic commonalities in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan

Faranda, Regina; Nolle, David B.

doi:10.1080/01419870.2010.516004

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although respondents could choose more than one ethnicity, all but one person in Round I chose only one. Based on the response pattern and in congruence with earlier studies (e.g., Agadjanian and Dommaraju, 2011; Faranda and Nolle, 2011), we identify four ethnic categories: Kyrgyz, Uzbek, European (mainly ethnic Russian and other Russian‐speaking groups of European origin) and Other. We acknowledge that the last category, representing a mix of smaller groups that are mainly indigenous to the Central Asian region, is both small in size and heterogeneous in composition; we therefore refrain from interpreting the corresponding results.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…After an early post‐Soviet plunge, Kyrgyzstan's economy saw a rapid recovery from the beginning of this century, but with a gross national income (GNI) per capita of US$ 1,220, it remains one of the poorest countries in Central Asia (World Bank, 2018). Like many former Soviet republics, Kyrgyzstan is a multi‐ethnic nation, with a complex mix of ethno‐cultural and regional identities, cleavages and inequalities that are strongly imprinted on the nation's socio‐political and economic fabric (Anderson and Pomfret, 2000; Elebayeva et al., 2000; Esenaliev and Steiner, 2014; Faranda and Nolle, 2003, 2011). In addition to Kyrgyz, the titular majority, its population includes Uzbeks, another indigenous Turkic‐speaking ethnic group; a sizeable mix of European‐origin, mainly Russian‐speaking groups, primarily ethnic Russians, but also Ukrainians, Byelorussians, Germans (from Russia's Volga region) and others who moved to Kyrgyzstan, voluntarily or forcibly, during the Soviet era; and several other smaller native and non‐native groups.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuities in Transition: Ethnicity, Language and Labour Market Inequalities in Kyrgyzstan

Agadjanian¹,

Oh²

2020

Development and Change

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Ethno‐racial and linguistic boundaries have major implications for socio‐economic well‐being throughout the world, yet their specific effects vary greatly across contexts. The countries that were once part of the Soviet Union have seen dramatic transformations yet also exhibited remarkable continuities from the socialist era. This article contributes to cross‐national evidence on the roots and expressions of ethno‐racial socio‐economic inequalities and on nation building and nationalism in the post‐Soviet context. It uses data from two identically designed nationally representative surveys conducted in Kyrgyzstan in 2011 and 2017 to investigate patterns and trends in ethnic and linguistic disparities in employment by occupational type and economic sector and in earnings among men and women. The authors find that despite government policies to promote the advancement of the nation's titular majority, Kyrgyz, and to encourage the use of its language, the ethno‐linguistic economic inequalities inherited from the Soviet era — privileged positions of the European‐origin minority and of Russian‐speaking Kyrgyz — were still potently present in the earlier survey. While variations in types of occupation and employment sectors tended to diminish between the two surveys, the ethno‐linguistic differences in earnings remained very pronounced, even after controlling for other factors. The authors relate these findings to the extant scholarship and reflect on their implications for our understanding of post‐socialist transitions.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuities in Transition: Ethnicity, Language and Labour Market Inequalities in Kyrgyzstan

Agadjanian¹,

Oh²

2020

Development and Change

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“…By this logic, members of minorities are more likely to understate their discontent and pessimism; hence my analysis probably produced conservative estimates of the majority–minority attitude and expectation gap. It is also important to acknowledge that the classification of ethnic groups used in this study is necessarily schematic and oblivious to inherent complexities of ethnic identification and expression (see Brubaker, 2006; Burton et al., 2010; Fenton, 2010; Isaacs and Polese, 2015; Nandi and Platt, 2015) and to the multilayered cultural and regional subtleties that often cut across ethnic divides (Faranda and Nolle, 2011; Huskey, 1997; Radnitz, 2006). Moreover, ethnic identity is not a fixed attribute but is rather continuously constructed and situationally engaged with other forms of social identity and solidarity (Posner, 2017; Wimmer, 2013b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusion, violence, and optimism: Ethnic divides in Kyrgyzstan

Agadjanian

2019

Ethnicities

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The nation-building projects in much of post-socialist Eurasia have been characterized by the promotion of ethnic majorities and marginalization of minority groups. In dialogue with the scholarship on nation-building, ethnic exclusion and conflict, and ethnic migration, this study examines individual views on current and future interethnic relations, assessments of prospects for own ethnicity, expectations for future economic changes, and intentions to migrate abroad in the multiethnic nation of Kyrgyzstan. I use nationally representative survey data to model differences in these outcomes across the majority-minorities divides and between regional subgroups of the nation’s ethnic majority. The results show that a native minority that experienced recent ethnic violence has the most negative assessment of current interethnic relations. However, the minority group of outside origin, which never suffered direct violence but whose size and societal preeminence have eroded rapidly, is least optimistic about the future and is most inclined to migrate. Yet, the analyses also detect substantial regional differences within the ethnic majority, underscoring the complexity of historically-rooted ethnocultural and socioeconomic cleavages as well as of more recent political experiences. I interpret these findings within the context of evolving meanings of ethnic identity and national belonging in this rapidly changing society.

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“…These resources could provide an opportunity for further development of religion tourism sector in the area. (Faranda &Nolle, 2011;Kantarci, 2007;UNWTO, 2012b) Also, the availability of a large number of natural treasures like mountains, lakes, rivers, meadow woods, deserts and national gardens can help to develop ecologically and adventure tourism in these countries. Furthermore, an increasing number of tour operators include sport, business, and recreational tourism packages to diversify tourism supply (Anthony, Appari, & Johnson, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Advancement of Tourism Industry in Uzbekistan

Saliev¹,

Soliev²

2015

Glob. discl. econ. bus.

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This research empirically highlights the recent status of tourism development in Uzbekistan, with analyzing of current quantitative economic overview. As a Silk Road destination, country has underlined as one of the major tourist targets for developing and it has undergone many alters over a short historical period in terms of economic, environmental and social changes on tourism sector. On that basis, this work demonstrates up the overall internal and external economic perspectives of represented country according to their status quo. This conjectural framework is experienced tests by means of a study to demonstrate the strength of the touristic destination of many historical and touristic sites, which reflect the competitive reality of the World Heritage tourism destination in whole Central Asia. The results serve to state out major trends and gaps, which focus on further research on this topic globally, and also they might be useful in diversifying interventions to alleviate the impacts in the tourism industry advancement.

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Boundaries of ethnic identity in Central Asia: titular and Russian perceptions of ethnic commonalities in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Continuities in Transition: Ethnicity, Language and Labour Market Inequalities in Kyrgyzstan

Continuities in Transition: Ethnicity, Language and Labour Market Inequalities in Kyrgyzstan

Exclusion, violence, and optimism: Ethnic divides in Kyrgyzstan

Economic Advancement of Tourism Industry in Uzbekistan

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