Bourbon Virus in Field-Collected Ticks, Missouri, USA

Savage, Harry M.; Burkhalter, Kristen L.; Godsey, Marvin S.; Panella, Nicholas A.; Ashley, David C.; Nicholson, William L.; Lambert, Amy J.

doi:10.3201/eid2312.170532

Cited by 99 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…BRBV replicates in cell lines derived from the hard ticks Amblyomma, Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus . Together with the geographic location of the BRBV infection and the geographic distribution of a number of Amblyomma americanum ticks (Savage, et al, 2017;Savage, et al, 2018), these studies strongly suggest that the lone star tick is a vector of BRBV transmission to humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Later, two additional cases of BRBV infection have been reported. In 2015, a patient from Payne County, Oklahoma, USA tested positive for neutralization antibodies to BRBV before fully recovering (Savage, et al, 2017). In June 2017, a 58-year-old woman from Missouri died from an infection of BRBV after she had been misdiagnosed for a significant period of time (Bricker, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BRBV is widely carried by the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum), a species that is aggressive, feeds on humans, and is widely distributed across the East, Southeast, and Midwest States. BRBV was found in 3 pools of lone star ticks from retrospective tests in 39,096 ticks from northwestern Missouri, 240 km from Bourbon County, Kansas, USA (Savage, et al, 2017). The human BRBV and the strain isolated from tick pools share >99.0% sequence at the amino acid level and 95.0% identity at the RNA sequence level (Savage, et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BRBV was found in 3 pools of lone star ticks from retrospective tests in 39,096 ticks from northwestern Missouri, 240 km from Bourbon County, Kansas, USA (Savage, et al, 2017). The human BRBV and the strain isolated from tick pools share >99.0% sequence at the amino acid level and 95.0% identity at the RNA sequence level (Savage, et al, 2017). BRBV replicates in cell lines derived from the hard ticks Amblyomma, Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishment of a Replicon System for Bourbon Virus and Identification of Small Molecules that Efficiently Inhibit Virus Replication

Hao

Ning

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Bourbon virus (BRBV) was first isolated from a patient hospitalized at the University of Kansas Hospital in 2014. Since then, several deaths have been reported to be caused by BRBV infection in the Midwest and Southern United States. BRBV is a tick-borne virus that is widely carried by lone star ticks. It belongs to genus Thogotovirus of the Orthomyxoviridae family.Currently, there are no treatments or vaccines available for BRBV or thogotovirus infection caused diseases. In this study, we reconstituted a replicon reporter system, composed of plasmids expressing the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) complex (PA, PB1 and PB2), nucleocapsid (NP) protein, and a reporter gene flanked by the 3' and 5' UTR of the envelope glycoprotein (GP) genome segment. By using the luciferase reporter, we screened a few small molecule compounds of anti-endonuclease that inhibited the nicking activity by parvovirus B19 (B19V) NS1, as well as FDA-approved drugs targeting the RdRP of influenza virus. Our results demonstrated that myricetin, and an anti-B19V NS1 nicking inhibitor, efficiently inhibited the RdRP activity of BRBV and virus replication. The IC50 and EC50 of myricetin are 2.22 µM and 4.6 µM, respectively, in cells. Myricetin had minimal cytotoxicity in cells, and therefore the therapeutic index of the compound is high. In conclusion, the BRBV replicon system is a useful tool to study viral RNA replication and to develop antivirals, and myricetin may hold promise in treatment of BRBV infected patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishment of a Replicon System for Bourbon Virus and Identification of Small Molecules that Efficiently Inhibit Virus Replication

Hao

Ning

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Later findings included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia, and mild transaminitis; the case patient then developed congestive heart failure and later died after withdrawal of care [27]. A study of tick populations in Missouri revealed that Amblyomma americanum ticks were carriers of the virus, though transmission from these ticks is not certain [28].…”

Section: Heartland and Bourbon Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Infectious Diseases: a Review

Watkins

2018

Curr Emerg Hosp Med Rep

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Purpose of Review This review highlights some of the recent concerning emerging infectious diseases, a number of them specifically that the World Health Organization has categorized as priorities for research. Recent Findings Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases account for significant losses in not only human life, but also financially. There are a number of contributing factors, most commonly surrounding human behavior, that lead to disease emergence. Zoonoses are the most common type of infection, specifically from viral pathogens. The most recent emerging diseases in the USA are Emergomyces canadensis, the Heartland virus, and the Bourbon virus. Summary In addition to the aforementioned pathogens, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Nipah virus, New Delhi metallo-ß-lactamase-1 Enterobacteriaceae, Rift Valley Fever virus, and Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever virus are reviewed. These pathogens are very concerning with a high risk for potential epidemic, ultimately causing both significant mortality and financial costs. Research should be focused on monitoring, prevention, and treatment of these diseases.

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Arboviruses

Hunsperger,

Hughes,

Ritter

et al. 2023

ClinMicroNow

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Arthropod‐borne viruses are transmitted to vertebrate hosts through the bites of infected arthropods and cause over 80 diseases in humans. The medically important arboviruses are found primarily within the families Togaviridae , Flaviviridae , Peribunyaviridae , Phenuiviridae , and Nairoviridae . Arboviruses are RNA viruses of either positive or negative polarity. Arbovirus replication takes place in the cytoplasm of susceptible cells following viral entry. Many mosquito‐borne arboviruses are most commonly transmitted in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and are highly dependent on the presence of the vector and an amplifying host. Virus isolation serves as a confirmatory test for reverse transcription‐PCR‐positive specimens, helps to further characterize circulating strains for molecular epidemiology studies, and serves to identify novel or emerging arboviral agents. The hemagglutination inhibition assay is a classic test used for arbovirus diagnostics and was the basis for virus family classification prior to genome sequencing.

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Bourbon Virus in Field-Collected Ticks, Missouri, USA

Cited by 99 publications

References 19 publications

Establishment of a Replicon System for Bourbon Virus and Identification of Small Molecules that Efficiently Inhibit Virus Replication

Establishment of a Replicon System for Bourbon Virus and Identification of Small Molecules that Efficiently Inhibit Virus Replication

Emerging Infectious Diseases: a Review

Arboviruses

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