Bovine alpha-lactalbumin assemblies with capsaicin: Formation, interactions, loading and physiochemical characterization

Glycated α-lactalbumin based micelles for quercetin delivery: Physicochemical stability and fate of simulated digestion

“…In addition, after quercetin was encapsulated, the fluorescence intensity of all the carriers obviously dropped, indicating that the binding of hydrophobic quercetin aromatic rings near the tryptophan residues quenched the fluorescence of the protein ( Wu, 2016 ). This phenomenon indicated the successful binding of small quercetin molecules to ALA in all five encapsulation systems through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds ( Romano, Lajterer, Shpigelman, & Lesmes, 2021 ).…”

“…ALA exhibited binding affinity with lipophilic bioactive compounds e.g. kaempferol and capsaicin et al, but the encapsulation efficiency (EE) was quite low ( Romano, Lajterer, Shpigelman, & Lesmes, 2021 ). Moreover, native ALA was very sensitive to the hydrolysis of pepsin, it showed rapid and almost completely degradation under the pepsin treatment ( El-Zahar et al, 2005 ).…”

Use of α-Lactalbumin [α-La] from Whey as a Vehicle for Bioactive Compounds in Food Technology and Pharmaceutics: A Review

“…Some researchers have reported the binding between α-La and three fat-soluble vitamins (A, D3, and E). However, this protein has also been shown to effectively bind other hydrophobic bioactive compounds such as retinol, genistein, kaempferol, curcumin, EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), capsaicin, and trans-resveratrol in high-affinity pockets for transportation inside the body [29][30][31]. It is well known that protein-based micro-and nanoparticles are suitable for use as carriers for bioactive compounds found in foods such as peptides, vitamins, functional lipids, and antioxidants [32].…”

“…The low solubility of capsaicin otherwise makes this molecule hard to introduce in foods other than high-fat foods. [31].…”

One-Step Encapsulation of Capsaicin into Chitosan–Oleic Acid Complex Particles: Evaluation of Encapsulation Ability and Stability

“…Various methods for encapsulating CAP into colloidal carriers have been reported, including the utilization of amphiphilic molecular aggregates such as micelles [ 7 ], microemulsions [ 8 ], liposomes [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], cubosomes [ 12 ], utilization of emulsion-based preparations [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], utilization of microcapsules prepared by coacervation [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], in situ polymerization [ 22 ], solvent evaporation [ 23 , 24 ], spray-chilling [ 5 , 25 ], gel-entrapment [ 26 ], and utilization of molecular complexation/inclusion [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Among these methods, molecular complexation/inclusion methods, which entail “bottom-up” self-assembly processes involving a facile formation procedure and low energy consumption, exhibit application advantages.…”