Bovine digital dermatitis: Possible pathogenic consortium consisting of Dichelobacter nodosus and multiple Treponema species

Rasmussen, Marianne; Capion, Nynne; Klitgaard, Kirstine; Rogdo, Torunn; Fjeldaas, T.; Boye, Mette; Jensen, Tim Kåre

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.05.018

Cited by 80 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

107

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study, we used 454 pyrosequencing to perform in-depth, phylogenetic analysis of 36 DD biopsy specimens that were removed from 10 different dairy herds in Spain. Spirochetes are scarce on healthy foot skin, but this group of bacteria, mainly from the genus Treponema, thrive and become a dominant component of the bacterial population in infected DD tissue, especially in the deeper parts of the lesions (5,6,28). The use of universal bacterial primers may underestimate spirochetal populations, especially less-abundant species/phylotypes (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sections from all specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological evaluation, and lesions were classified as DD, according to the system described by Rasmussen et al (6), if they showed acanthotic epidermis (with or without parakeratotic papillomatous proliferation) with the complications of (i) bacterial colonization/infiltration of pale-staining and ballooning keratinocytes (swollen noneosinophilic cytoplasm and enlarged or condensed nuclei) and (ii) exocytosis, erosion, and/or ulceration of dermal papillae. The degree of epidermal damage in the lesions was further scored by the senior author as mild/focal (score of 1), moderate (score of 2), or extensive to diffuse (score of 3), as illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, right. Additionally, the biopsy specimens were scored according to the inflammatory response in the dermis, i.e., mild or absent (score of 1), moderate (score of 2), or severe (score of 3), as previously described (6).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total bacterial invasion of the epidermis within each biopsy specimen was scored from 0 to 3 (0, no invasive bacteria; 1, low number of invasive bacteria; 2, moderate number of invasive bacteria; 3, high number of invasive bacteria). For each of the Treponema phylotypes, the "within-biopsy prevalence" (phylotype prevalence score) was scored from 0 to 3 as described previously (6, 12) (0, no hybridization; 1, sparse hybridization [up to 5% of the total number of bacteria]; 2, moderate hybridization [between 5% and 10% of the total number of bacteria]; 3, strong hybridization [more than 10% of the total number of bacteria]), according to the system described by Rasmussen et al (6). An Axio Imager M1 epifluorescence microscope equipped for epifluorescence with a 120-W HBO lamp and filter sets 43 and 38 were used to visualize the Cy3 and Alexa Fluor 488 dyes, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, a bacterial etiology of DD is well documented (3,4). Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses have shown that spirochetes of the genus Treponema are found mainly in the deeper parts of DD lesions, near the interface with healthy tissue (5,6). Additionally, cows with DD demonstrate specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to Treponema (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Targeting the Treponemal Microbiome of Digital Dermatitis Infections by High-Resolution Phylogenetic Analyses and Comparison with Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

bModern pyrosequencing technology allows for a more comprehensive approach than traditional Sanger sequencing for elucidating the etiology of bovine digital dermatitis. We sought to describe the composition and diversity of treponemes in digital dermatitis lesions by using deep sequencing of the V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene coupled with species-level taxonomic identification. Treponema-specific 16S rRNA gene PCRs and pyrosequencing were performed on biopsy specimens originating from 10 different Catalan dairy herds (n ‫؍‬ 36) with digital dermatitis, and this analysis yielded 75,297 sequences. We identified 20 different taxa, including a potentially novel phylotype that displayed 95% sequence identity to members of the Treponema denticola/Treponema pedis-like cluster. Species frequencies and abundances that were determined by pyrosequencing analysis were highly correlated with the results of fluorescent in situ hybridization using phylotype-specific oligonucleotide probes. In a limited number of animals from a single geographic region, we detected most of the Treponema phylotypes that were described in previous investigations of digital dermatitis. Additionally, we identified a number of phylotypes that mapped to oral treponemes of humans and dogs that had not been reported for digital dermatitis lesions. The results presented here support previous observations of a polytreponemal etiology of infections, with Treponema phagedenis-like, Treponema medium/ Treponema vincentii-like, and T. denticola/T. pedis-like phylotypes being highly associated with disease. Using this new approach, it has become feasible to study large herds and their surrounding environments, which might provide a basis for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. Bovine digital dermatitis (DD), which causes lameness and wasting in cattle, is the most serious foot disorder of dairy cows from economic and welfare perspectives (1). The disease, which is characterized by focal proliferative to ulcerative dermatitis that is typically located on the plantar aspect of the foot, apparently is contagious (2). Currently, a bacterial etiology of DD is well documented (3, 4). Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses have shown that spirochetes of the genus Treponema are found mainly in the deeper parts of DD lesions, near the interface with healthy tissue (5, 6). Additionally, cows with DD demonstrate specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to Treponema (7). At least 18 different treponemal species have been identified by cloning of bacterial 16S rRNA genes PCR-amplified directly from DD samples (8-11). Previous works by us and others have suggested that DD has a symbiotic treponemal pathogenesis (9-12), and Treponema phagedenis-like, Treponema denticola-like, and Treponema medium-like bacteria appear to be among the most prevalent species in the lesions. The complex interplay between infecting Treponema species, their relative contributions to pathogenesis and infection reservoirs, and their...

show abstract