Bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein H is essential for penetration and propagation in cell culture.

Meyer, Gilles; Hanon, Emmanuel; Georlette, D.; Pastoret, Paul-Pierre; Thiry, Étienne

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-79-8-1983

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Essentially all of the gH homologs that have been studied to date in many different herpesviruses have been implicated as playing a role in virus penetration, and null mutants have been made to confirm this role in herpes simplex virus (7), pseudorabies virus (1,29), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (21,30). The evidence for involvement of the EBV gH in penetration has been indirect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr Virus gH Is Essential for Penetration of B Cells but Also Plays a Role in Attachment of Virus to Epithelial Cells

Molesworth

Lake

Borza

et al. 2000

J Virol

241

226

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Entry of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) into B cells is initiated by attachment of glycoprotein gp350 to the complement receptor type 2 (CR2).A complex of three glycoproteins, gH, gL, and gp42, is subsequently required for penetration. Gp42 binds to HLA class II, which functions as an entry mediator or coreceptor and, by analogy with other herpesviruses, gH is then thought to be involved virus-cell fusion. However, entry of virus into epithelial cells is thought to be different. It can be initiated by attachment by an unknown glycoprotein in the absence of CR2. There is no interaction between gp42 and HLA class II and instead a distinct complex of only the two glycoproteins gH and gL interacts with a novel entry mediator. Again, by analogy with other viruses gH is thought to be critical to fusion. To investigate further the different roles of gH in infection of the two cell types and to examine its influence on the assembly of the gH-gL-gp42 complex, we constructed two viruses, one in which the gH open reading frame was interrupted by a cassette expressing a neomycin resistance gene and the gene for green fluorescent protein and one as a control in which the neighboring nonessential thymidine kinase gene was interrupted with the same cassette. Virus lacking gH exited from cells normally, although loss of gH resulted in rapid turnover of gL and gp42 as well. The virus bound normally to B lymphocytes but could not infect them unless cells and bound virus were treated with polyethylene glycol to induce fusion. In contrast, virus that lacked the gH complex was impaired in attachment to epithelial cells and the effects of monoclonal antibodies to gH implied that this resulted from loss of gH rather than other members of the complex. These results suggest a role for gH in both attachment and penetration into epithelial cells.The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gH-gL complex consists of three glycoproteins, gp85, the gH homolog which is the product of the BXLF2 open reading frame (ORF) (12, 26); gp25, the gL homolog which is the product of the BKRF2 ORF (38); and gp42, which is the product of the BZLF2 ORF (17). The complex behaves in many respects like its counterparts in other herpesviruses. Glycoprotein gH is dependent on gL for authentic processing and transport (38), and the complex as a whole has been implicated as important to the ability of virus to fuse with the cell membrane and penetrate into the cytoplasm (11,22). The precise roles of the individual members of the complex are, however, still being elucidated and appear to depend in part on the cell type that the virus is infecting.Infection of the B lymphocyte is dependent on an interaction between gp42 and HLA class II (32) which functions as an entry mediator for this cell type (16). A monoclonal antibody (MAb) to gp42 that blocks binding to HLA class II blocks virus-cell fusion (22), B cells that lack class II cannot be superinfected unless class II expression is restored (16), and a virus that lacks gp42 is unable to infect B cells unless a soluble form of gp42 that...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr Virus gH Is Essential for Penetration of B Cells but Also Plays a Role in Attachment of Virus to Epithelial Cells

Molesworth

Lake

Borza

et al. 2000

J Virol

241

226

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“…After this high affinity interaction between gD and cell receptors, the subsequent virus penetration occurs by fusion of the virion envelope with plasma membrane. This crucial process requires at least the involvement of four BoHV-1 glycoproteins: gD [111,114], gB [58] and the heterodimer formed by gH and gL [131].…”

Section: Bohv-1 Replication In the Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

et al. 2007

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-Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), classified as an alphaherpesvirus, is a major pathogen of cattle. Primary infection is accompanied by various clinical manifestations such as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, abortion, infectious pustular vulvovaginitis, and systemic infection in neonates. When animals survive, a life-long latent infection is established in nervous sensory ganglia. Several reactivation stimuli can lead to viral re-excretion, which is responsible for the maintenance of BoHV-1 within a cattle herd. This paper focuses on an updated pathogenesis based on a molecular characterization of BoHV-1 and the description of the virus cycle. Special emphasis is accorded to the impact of the latency and reactivation cycle on the epidemiology and the control of BoHV-1. Several European countries have initiated BoHV-1 eradication schemes because of the significant losses incurred by disease and trading restrictions. The vaccines used against BoHV-1 are described in this context where the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals is of critical importance to achieve BoHV-1 eradication.

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“…Several constructions of mutant viruses have shown that gC, gI, gE, gG and gM are non essential glycoproteins [8,65]. On the contrary, the deletion of the gene encoding either gB or gD or gH reduces the capacity of in vitro replication [44,80]. Glycoproteins L and K are essential in HSV-1 and this is very likely to be the case in the other alphaherpesviruses [54,104].…”

Section: Viral Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 gH are both expressed as early-late proteins. Glycoprotein H is essential for both penetration and cell-to-cell spread [7,80,81]. In CpHV-1, gD shows a relatively high homology to BoHV-1 gD amino acid sequences (similarity of 68.8%) and has a molecular mass similar to BoHV-1 gD.…”

Section: Viral Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminant alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1

et al. 2006

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-Herpesviruses have mainly co-evolved with their hosts for millions of years. Consequently, different related host species may have been infected by various genetically related herpesviruses. Illustrating this concept, several ruminant alphaherpesviruses have been shown to form a cluster of viruses closely related to bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1): namely bovine herpesvirus 5, bubaline herpesvirus 1, caprine herpesvirus 1, cervid herpesviruses 1 and 2 and elk herpesvirus 1. These viruses share common antigenic properties and the serological relationships between them can be considered as a threat to BoHV-1 eradication programmes. BoHV-1 is a herpesvirus responsible for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, which is a disease of major economic concern. In this article, the genetic properties of these ruminant alphaherpesviruses are reviewed on a comparative basis and the issue of interspecific recombination is assessed. The pathogenesis of these infections is described with emphasis on the host range and crossing of the host species barrier. Indeed, the non bovine ruminant species susceptible to these ruminant alphaherpesviruses may be potential BoHV-1 reservoirs. The differential diagnosis of these related infections is also discussed. In addition, available epidemiological data are used to assess the potential of cross-infection in ruminant populations. A better knowledge of these ruminant alphaherpesvirus infections is essential to successfully control infectious bovine rhinotracheitis.

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Bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein H is essential for penetration and propagation in cell culture.

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Epstein-Barr Virus gH Is Essential for Penetration of B Cells but Also Plays a Role in Attachment of Virus to Epithelial Cells

Epstein-Barr Virus gH Is Essential for Penetration of B Cells but Also Plays a Role in Attachment of Virus to Epithelial Cells

Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

Ruminant alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1

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