Bovine Mastitis and Biofilms

Melchior, M.B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21289-5_9

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…aureus, E. coli, and Strep. uberis (Melchior, 2011). In the case of CNS, it has been established that biofilms play an important role in the virulence of Staph.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the ability of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from the milk of Canadian farms to form biofilms

Tremblay

Lamarche

Chever

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

103

115

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Mastitis is the most common and detrimental infection of the mammary gland in dairy cows and has a major economic impact on the production of milk and dairy products. Bacterial mastitis is caused by several pathogens, and the most frequently isolated bacterial species are coagulase-negative staphylocci (CNS). Although CNS are considered minor mastitis pathogens, the importance of CNS has increased over the years. However, the mechanism and factors involved in CNS intramammary infection are poorly studied and defined. Biofilms have been proposed as an important component in the persistence of CNS intramammary infection. Biofilms are defined as a cluster of bacteria enclosed in a self-produced matrix. The objectives of this study were to investigate the ability of CNS to form biofilms. A total of 255 mastitis-associated CNS isolates were investigated using a standard microtiter plate biofilm assay. The biofilms of some isolates were also observed by using confocal microscopy. The presence of biofilm-associated genes icaA, bap, aap, embP, fbe, and atlE was determined by PCR in the 255 isolates. The 5 dominant species assayed were Staphylococcus chromogenes (n=111), Staphylococcus simulans (n=53), Staphylococcus xylosus (n=25), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (n=15), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=13), and these represented 85% of the isolates. The data gathered were analyzed to identify significant links with the data deposited in the Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network database. Overall, Staph. xylosus is the species with the strongest ability to form biofilm, and Staph. epidermidis is the species with the lowest ability to form biofilm. Regardless of the species, the presence of icaA, bap, or the combination of multiple genes was associated with a greater ability to form biofilm. A strong relationship between the strength of a biofilm and days in milk was also noted, and CNS isolated later in the lactation cycle appeared to have a greater ability to form biofilm than those isolated earlier in the lactation cycle. In conclusion, Staph. xylosus is the species with the strongest biofilm formation ability. Furthermore, days in milk and gene combinations are predicted to be the variables with the strongest effect on biofilm formation by CNS.

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“…aureus, E. coli, and Strep. uberis (Melchior, 2011). In the case of CNS, it has been established that biofilms play an important role in the virulence of Staph.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the ability of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from the milk of Canadian farms to form biofilms

Tremblay

Lamarche

Chever

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

103

115

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“…Bacteria species of the genus Staphylococcus are the main etiological agents of contagious mastitis due to their ability to penetrate and establish deep infection in mammary gland tissues (Peton & Le Loir 2014). The ability of Staphylococci to form biofilms facilitates the adherence and colonization in mammary gland epithelium, also contributing to the evasion of the immunological defenses and to the difficulty of pathogen eradication, often resulting in persistent infections (Tan et al 2009, Melchior 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramammary treatment with gentamicin in lactating cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

et al. 2016

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The study evaluated the microbiological profile of milk samples collected before and after mastitis treatment with gentamicin and investigated biofilms production and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. isolated. The presence of gentamicin residues in milk after the recommended withdrawal period was also evaluated. Antimicrobial residues were analyzed by Delvotest® SP NT over a period of 12 days beginning after 24 hours the last gentamicin application. Some of Staphylococcus spp. isolates were biofilm producers (19.05%). Staphylococcus spp. showed high levels of resistance to neomycin (16.95%), penicillin G (10.17%), and ampicillin (10.17%). Multidrug resistance to all antibiotics tested was observed in 1.69% of the Staphylococcus spp. isolates. Among 1440 mammary quarter milk samples 24.95% presented gentamicin residues after the withdrawal period. Gentamicin residues were also detected in 3.8% of samples from calibrated glass recorder jar (n=383) 4.1 days after treatment. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics may lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains as well as increasing the risk of presence of residues of these drugs in milk. These problems affect the milk quality and may become a public health problem.

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“…Staphylococcus aureus biofilm has been widely investigated due to its ability to help bacteria escape the host defense system (Melchior, ). Staphylococcus epidermidis has been shown to inhibit the biofilm formation of S. aureus through a mechanism of bacterial interference (Iwase et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fibronectin-binding protein (FbpA) of Weissella cibaria inhibits colonization and infection of Staphylococcus aureus in mammary glands

Wang

Xue

et al. 2017

Cellular Microbiology

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a frequent cause of infections in both humans and animals. Probiotics are known to inhibit colonization of pathogens on host tissues. However, mechanisms for the inhibition are still elusive due to complex host-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions. Here, we show that reduced abilities of S. aureus to infect mammary glands in the presence of Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) were correlated with its poor adherence to mammary epithelial cells. Such inhibition by W. cibaria isolates was at least partially attributed to a fibronectin-binding protein (FbpA) on this lactic acid bacterium. Three W. cibaria isolates containing fbpA had higher inhibitory abilities than other three LAB isolates without the gene. The fbpA-deficient mutant of W. cibaria isolate LW1, LW1ΔfbpA, lost the inhibitory activity to reduce the adhesion of S. aureus to mammary epithelial cells and was less able to reduce the colonization of S. aureus in mammary glands. Expression of FbpA to the surface of LW1ΔfbpA reversed its inhibitory activities. Furthermore, addition of purified FbpA inhibited S. aureus biofilm formation. Our results suggest that W. cibaria FbpA hinders S. aureus colonization and infection through interfering with the S. aureus invasion pathway mediated by fibronectin-binding proteins and inhibiting biofilm formation of S. aureus.

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Bovine Mastitis and Biofilms

Cited by 7 publications

References 86 publications

Characterization of the ability of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from the milk of Canadian farms to form biofilms

Characterization of the ability of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from the milk of Canadian farms to form biofilms

Intramammary treatment with gentamicin in lactating cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

A fibronectin-binding protein (FbpA) of Weissella cibaria inhibits colonization and infection of Staphylococcus aureus in mammary glands

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