Bovine mastitis prevention and control in the post-antibiotic era

El-Sayed, Amr; Kamel, Mohamed S.

doi:10.1007/s11250-021-02680-9

Cited by 86 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…A systematic review and analysis revealed that the overall estimate of worldwide S. aureus resistance from 1969 to 2000 was to penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and gentamicin [6,28]. In our study, a high prevalence of AMR to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin was found, consistent with previous studies from the Malaysian states of Johor and Terengganu [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in East Coast Malaysia

Saeed

Yazid

Hashimy

et al. 2022

Animals

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S. aureus is the pathogen that is commonly associated with subclinical mastitis, causing significant economic losses to dairy farms. This infection responds poorly to antimicrobial treatment, which could be due to the development of AMR, biofilm formation, and the intracellular invasion of S. aureus into bovine mammary cells leading to treatment failure. Thus, it is important to understand the challenge of this problem. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and characterization of S. aureus that was isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis in East Coast Malaysia. A total of 235 milk samples from dairy cows were collected from selected farms in Kelantan and Pahang. The samples were subjected to a somatic cell analysis to identify subclinical mastitis, followed by bacteria isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The isolated S. aureus were further analyzed for their ability to form biofilms and invade the bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T cells) in in vitro infections modeling using a gentamicin protection assay. The overall total of 74/235 (31.4%; 95%CI = 0.31; 0.32) of the milk samples demonstrated >200,000 somatic cells/mL, suggesting the presence of subclinical mastitis in the animals. A total of 39/235 (16.5%; 95% CI = 0.16, 0.17) of the milk samples harbored S. aureus which demonstrated resistance towards the following antimicrobials: penicillin (18/39, 46%), ampicillin (17/39, 43.6%), oxacillin (12/39, 31%), tetracycline (10/39, 26%), and erythromycin (7/39, 18%). AMR was recorded for a total of (17/39, 43.6%) of S. aureus isolates. All isolates formed biofilms, with (8/30, 27%) strongly biofilm-forming, (18/30, 60%) moderately biofilm-forming, and the remaining (4/30, 13%) of isolates weakly biofilm-forming. Interestingly, the AMR isolates appear to produce weak and moderate biofilm. Moreover, (6/20, 30%) of the S. aureus isolates were invasive towards MAC-T cells, as indicated by their ability to evade gentamicin treatment. The study demonstrated the presence of AMR, invasiveness, and biofilm formation in S. aureus that was isolated from subclinical mastitis. This characteristic presents additional challenges to existing antimicrobial therapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in East Coast Malaysia

Saeed

Yazid

Hashimy

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Thus, preventing coliform mastitis through vaccination aims to achieve high levels of effective anti-coliform antibodies and antitoxins, both in milk and in the bloodstream, and around the teat canal ( Erskine et al, 2007 ; Wilson et al, 2009 ; Kawai et al, 2020 ). Two mutant strains of bacteria, E. coli O111:B4 (J5) and Salmonella Typhimurium Re-17 have been used in commercial preparations to immunize cows against coliform mastitis ( Erskine, 2012 ; El-Sayed and Kamel, 2021 ). E. coli O111:B4 (J5) is a rough mutant strain with an incomplete “O” polysaccharide chain in the cell wall, exposing the homologous half of the LPS core antigen (Zaatout, 2021).…”

Section: Bovine Mastitis Treatment and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Goulart

Mellata

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder tissue parenchyma that causes pathological changes in the glandular tissue and abnormalities in milk leading to significant economic losses to the dairy industry across the world. Mammary pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli (MPEC) is one of the main etiologic agents of acute clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. MPEC strains have virulence attributes to resist the host innate defenses and thrive in the mammary gland environment. The association between specific virulence factors of MPEC with the severity of mastitis in cattle is not fully understood. Furthermore, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat mastitis has resulted in antimicrobial resistance to all major antibiotic classes in MPEC. A thorough understanding of MPEC’s pathogenesis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is required to develop better interventions to reduce mastitis incidence and prevalence in cattle and the environment. This review compiles important information on mastitis caused by MPEC (e.g., types of mastitis, host immune response, diagnosis, treatment, and control of the disease) as well as the current knowledge on MPEC virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance, and the dilemma of MPEC as a new pathotype. The information provided in this review is critical to identifying gaps in knowledge that will guide future studies to better design diagnostic, prevent, and develop therapeutic interventions for this significant dairy disease.

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“…Diet has a great influence on the composition of microbiota. For instance, the biodiversity of the microbiota is affected by the concentration of protein/fat/carbohydrate in the diet, the type of consumed fats and carbohydrates, alcohol consumption, antibiotic residues/chemical pollutants in diet, and degree of food processing {El-Sayed and Kamel 2021 #3503. Published reports have accumulated clear evidence about the interaction among the three corners of the triangle (diet- microbiome -epigenetics).…”

Section: Interaction Among Diet-microbiome-epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supplementation with the probiotic B. longum and L. helveticus or the prebiotic inulin could relieve anxiety and depression in humans ( Banta et al 2019 ; Foster and Neufeld 2013 ; Valles-Colomer et al 2019 ). It has also been introduced as an alternative therapeutic concept or could be combined with traditional therapy for bovine mastitis ( El-Sayed and Kamel 2021 ).…”

Section: Future Therapeutic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota and epigenetics: promising therapeutic approaches?

El-Sayed

Aleya

Kamel

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The direct/indirect responsibility of the gut microbiome in disease induction in and outside the digestive tract is well studied. These results are usually from the overpopulation of certain species on the cost of others, interaction with beneficial microflora, interference with normal epigenetic control mechanisms, or suppression of the immune system. Consequently, it is theoretically possible to cure such disorders by rebalancing the microbiome inside our bodies. This can be achieved by changing the lifestyle pattern and diet or by supplementation with beneficial bacteria or their metabolites. Various approaches have been explored to manipulate the normal microbial inhabitants, including nutraceutical, supplementations with prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics, and antibiotics, or through microbiome transplantation (fecal, skin, or vaginal microbiome transplantation). In the present review, the interaction between the microbiome and epigenetics and their role in disease induction is discussed. Possible future therapeutic approaches via the reestablishment of equilibrium in our internal micro-ecosystem are also highlighted.

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Bovine mastitis prevention and control in the post-antibiotic era

Cited by 86 publications

References 119 publications

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in East Coast Malaysia

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in East Coast Malaysia

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Microbiota and epigenetics: promising therapeutic approaches?

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