Bovine milk as a source of nitro‐conjugated linoleic acid

Abstract

Nitrated fatty acids (NO2‐FAs), specifically nitroalkenes, are gaining recognition for their anti‐inflammatory and therapeutic properties. Bovine milk, a major dietary component, may serve as a significant source of these bioactive molecules, complementing its established nutritional profile. This study examined nitroalkene's presence in milk from different bovine strains and lactation stages. NO2‐conjugated linoleic acid (NO2‐cLA) was detected at concentrations up to 5 μM, comprising 2.7% of total cLA. The concentration of NO2‐cLA varied slightly with the Holstein strain and lactation stage, with its free form predominantly observed, suggesting limited triglyceride incorporation. Further research into NO2‐cLA's biological significance in milk is required.