Bovine Respiratory Disease Vaccination Against Viral Pathogens

Chamorro, Manuel; Palomares, Roberto A.

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2020.03.006

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…BoHV-1 and BRSV) (Chamorro & Palomares, 2020), control measures are already available in the field in order to reduce infection rate and clinical signs. Vaccine administration as BRDC onset prevention is advised, especially with multivalent vaccines due to the complex aetiology of this disease.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza D virus in respiratory disease in Canadian, province of Québec, cattle: Relative importance and evidence of new reassortment between different clades

Saegerman

Gaudino

Savard³

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Background: Influenza D virus (IDV), a segmented single stranded negative sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus belongs to the new Delta influenza virus genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family.Cattle was proposed as the natural reservoir of IDV in which infection was associated with mild to moderate respiratory clinical signs (i.e. cough, nasal discharge, and dyspnoea). Methods and principal findings: In order to investigate the role of IDV in bovine respiratory disease, during the period 2017-2020, 883 nasal or naso-pharyngeal swabs from Canadian cattle with respiratory signs (cough and/or dyspnoea) were tested by (RT-)qPCR for IDV and other major bovine viral (bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine parainfluenza virus 3, and bovine coronavirus) and bacterial (Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and Mycoplasma bovis) respiratory pathogens. In addition, whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were carried out on five IDV positive samples. The prevalence of IDV RT-qPCR (with cut-off: Cq < 38) at animal level was estimated at 5.32% (95% confidence interval: 3.94-7.02). Positive result of IDV was significantly associated with (RT-)qPCR positive results for bovine respiratory syncytial virus and Mycoplasma bovis. While phylogenetic analyses indicate that most segments belonged to clade D/660, reassortment between clades D/660 and D/OK were evidenced in four samples collected in 2018-2020. Conclusions and significance: Relative importance of influenza D virus and associated pathogens in bovine respiratory disease of Canadian dairy cattle was established. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated evidence of reassortment between clades D/660 and D/OK. Both these new pieces of information claim for more surveillance of IDV in cattle production worldwide.

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Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza D virus in respiratory disease in Canadian, province of Québec, cattle: Relative importance and evidence of new reassortment between different clades

Saegerman

Gaudino

Savard³

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…Viral vaccines contain either modified-live virus (MLV) or inactivated virus [124,125]. MLV vaccines are known to induce robust humoral and cell-mediated immunity, and can do so with a single dose [126][127][128][129].…”

Section: Current Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, inactivated vaccines require a booster dose in order to achieve protection [131]. Evidence from multiple studies suggests that MLV vaccines are more effective in preventing BRDC than their inactivated vaccine equivalents [125].…”

Section: Current Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a lack of field trials investigating the prevention of BRDC for the many vaccines that have been developed. Additionally, while there are a number of experimental trials showing the protective effect of vaccinating young dairy calves with MLV vaccines [126,128,136,137], there is very limited evidence for the reduction of naturally occurring BRDC after vaccination of calves at this age (summarised in [125])…”

Section: Lack Of Evidence For Efficacy In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Bacterial and Viral Agents of BRDC: Immune Evasion and Vaccine Developments

Bell¹,

Turkington²,

Cosby³

2021

Vaccines

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Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is a multifactorial disease of cattle which presents as bacterial and viral pneumonia. The causative agents of BRDC work in synergy to suppress the host immune response and increase the colonisation of the lower respiratory tracts by pathogenic bacteria. Environmental stress and/or viral infection predispose cattle to secondary bacterial infections via suppression of key innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. This allows bacteria to descend the respiratory tract unchallenged. BRDC is the costliest disease among feedlot cattle, and whilst vaccines exist for individual pathogens, there is still a lack of evidence for the efficacy of these vaccines and uncertainty surrounding the optimum timing of delivery. This review outlines the immunosuppressive actions of the individual pathogens involved in BRDC and highlights the key issues in the development of vaccinations against them.

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“…Atualmente existem vários protocolos de vacinação desenvolvidos pela indústria, podendo ser realizado antes do desmame do bezerro, após o desmame ou antes de períodos em que o animal será desafiado como antes do transporte ou na chegada do confinamento (Edwards, 2010). Cerca de 75% dos estudos realizados com vacinas feitas nos animais entre o desmame e chegada ao confinamento nos EUA relataram uma redução significativa na morbidade nos bovinos (Chamorro et al, 2020).…”

Section: Vacinasunclassified

Complexo respiratório bovino no contexto da sanidade animal

2021

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O Complexo das Doenças Respiratórias de Bovinos (CRB) é caracterizado pela infecção do trato respiratório dos animais podendo ser de origem viral, bacteriana ou através da associação de ambos. O CRB tem sido identificado como uma das mais importantes causas de morbidade e mortalidade de criações intensivas, principalmente em animais jovens, causando sérios prejuízos econômicos com o uso de medicamentos para tratamento dos animais e perdas significativas de peso, afetando diretamente a cadeia produtiva da carne bovina. Uma das principais medidas preventivas realizadas do CRB é a aplicação de vacinas nos animais na chegada aos locais de terminação, sem saber se o animal já foi infectado por algum dos agentes

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Bovine Respiratory Disease Vaccination Against Viral Pathogens

Cited by 34 publications

References 56 publications

Influenza D virus in respiratory disease in Canadian, province of Québec, cattle: Relative importance and evidence of new reassortment between different clades

Influenza D virus in respiratory disease in Canadian, province of Québec, cattle: Relative importance and evidence of new reassortment between different clades

The Bacterial and Viral Agents of BRDC: Immune Evasion and Vaccine Developments

Complexo respiratório bovino no contexto da sanidade animal

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