Bovine Salmonellosis in England and Wales

Hughes, L E; Gibson, EA; Roberts, H. E.; Davies, E.T.; Davies, Gareth; Sojka, W.J.

doi:10.1016/s0007-1935(17)37588-7

Cited by 38 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Thorough cleaning and disinfection, together with an all-in all-out policy, has been recommended as a means of breaking the cycle of salmonella infection between batches of calves (Hughes et al 1971;Anon., 1978). We would not wish to question this suggestion since poor husbandry encourages the persistence of S. dublin on calf units (Heard et al 1972) and S. typhimurium has been shown to persist on farms which practise minimal disinfection (Anon., 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, since excreting and non-excreting calves were similarly distributed amongst the pens (Table 6) it is possible that crossinfection alone was not a primary factor in the spread of infection. In addition, the pens themselves had solid sides, and this feature of construction has been recommended since it assists in limiting the lateral spread of infection (Hughes et al 1971;Linton et al 1974).…”

Section: Cross-infection Between Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The excretion of Salmonella typhimurium in the faeces of calves fed milk substitute

Hinton

Ali

Allen

et al. 1983

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYA total of 495 calves in 16 batches were examined (117 calves in 4 batches in 1979 and 378 in 12 batches in 1982). They were purchased in markets, transported by road to a farm in Somerset and reared on a milk substitute diet for a period of up to five weeks. Salmonella typhimurium phage type DT 193 was endemic in 1979 and phage type DT 204c in 1982. The mortality rates in the two years were 9S4 % and 1-9% respectively. The causes of death were not investigated although the majority were probably due to salmonellosis.The rate of isolation of S. typhimurium from the rectal faeces of calves in all groups was either zero or relatively low on arrival. It rose to a peak (which was higher in 1979) in the second or third weeks before declining to low levels by the end of the fourth week of residence on the farm.Data from 162 calves, examined twice weekly for four weeks in 1982, indicated that the distribution of infected calves, based on the number of times that S. typhimurium was isolated from each, was not random. The calves could be assigned to two main categories; those from which the organism was never isolated and those from which it was isolated at least twice. This suggested that salmonella infected calves actively excreted the organism.The association between salmonella excretion and medication of sick animals with antibacterial drugs was strongest during the second week. Over the four-week period nearly 40 % of the calves found to be excreting S. typhimurium were not treated, indicating a high incidence of subelinical infection.Salmonella excretion by the calves followed a regular pattern and infection was self-limiting within five weeks. The peak in the salmonella excretion rate and the mortality rate were higher in 1979 when phage type DT 193 was the endemic strain. However, in 1982 the calves received 100 p.p.m. furazolidone in their milk ration during the first week of their stay on the farm, and this may have contributed to the differences noted between the two years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cross-infection Between Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The excretion of Salmonella typhimurium in the faeces of calves fed milk substitute

Hinton

Ali

Allen

et al. 1983

J. Hyg.

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“…For example, S. enterica serovar Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) causes pullorum disease (biotype Pullorum) and fowl typhoid (biotype Gallinarum) in poultry, but is avirulent for other animal species (reviewed in Shivaprasad 2000). S. enterica serovars Dublin (S. Dublin) and Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) cause bacteremia in their bovine and porcine hosts, respectively (Hughes et al 1971;Sojka et al 1977). However, these pathogens are not fully host restricted, because consumption of unpasteurized milk, undercooked beef, or undercooked pork products can result in invasive bloodstream infections in humans (Saphra and Winter 1957;Fang and Fierer 1991;Threlfall et al 1992).…”

Section: Salmonella Enterica Serovarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Specificity of Bacterial Pathogens

Bäumler

Fang

2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

173

134

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“…The infection commonly remains localized in the intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes, while bacteremia is a rare complication (46). In addition to its frequent association with food-borne disease in humans, Salmonella serotype Typhimurium is a major cause of calf morbidity and mortality (14,20,33,38,40). The features of the diarrheal disease caused by Salmonella serotype Typhimurium in calves closely resembles the clinical and pathological features observed in humans infected with this pathogen (9,39,47,56).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

TheSalmonella entericaSerotype Typhimurium Effector Proteins SipA, SopA, SopB, SopD, and SopE2 Act in Concert To Induce Diarrhea in Calves

et al. 2002

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Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium requires a functional type III secretion system encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) to cause diarrhea. We investigated the role of genes encoding secreted target proteins of the SPI1-associated type III secretion system for enteropathogenicity in calves. Salmonella serotype Typhimurium strains having mutations in sptP, avrA, sspH1, or slrP induced fluid secretion in the bovine ligated ileal loop model at levels similar to that of the wild type. In contrast, mutations in sipA, sopA, sopB, sopD, or sopE2 significantly reduced fluid accumulation in bovine ligated ileal loops at 8 h postinfection. A strain carrying mutations in sipA, sopA, sopB, sopD, and sopE2 (sipA sopABDE2 mutant) caused the same level of fluid accumulation in bovine ligated ileal loops as a strain carrying a mutation in sipB, a SPI1 gene required for the translocation of effector proteins into host cells. A positive correlation was observed between the severity of histopathological lesions detected in the ileal mucosa and the levels of fluid accumulation induced by the different mutants. After oral infection of calves, the Salmonella serotype Typhimurium sipAsopABDE2 mutant caused only mild diarrhea and was more strongly attenuated than strains having only single mutations. These data demonstrate that SipA, SopA, SopB, SopD, and SopE2 are major virulence factors responsible for diarrhea during Salmonella serotype Typhimurium infection of calves.

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Bovine Salmonellosis in England and Wales

Cited by 38 publications

References 4 publications

The excretion of Salmonella typhimurium in the faeces of calves fed milk substitute

The excretion of Salmonella typhimurium in the faeces of calves fed milk substitute

Host Specificity of Bacterial Pathogens

TheSalmonella entericaSerotype Typhimurium Effector Proteins SipA, SopA, SopB, SopD, and SopE2 Act in Concert To Induce Diarrhea in Calves

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