Bovine Trypanosomiasis Epidemiology and Tsetse Fly Density in Jimma Arjo District, East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Efa, Debela Abdeta

doi:10.2147/vmrr.s336585

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The finding showed that the rates of infection in poor body condition animals were higher than that of medium and good body condition animals. This result agreed with previous reports by and [ 38 , 49 – 51 ]. These may be due to reduced performance of animals created by lack of essential nutrients and poor management by the animal owner.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Trypanosoma congolense was the predominant species of trypanosome followed by T. vivax and T. brucei in the study area. This finding is in agreement with the finding reported by Abiy [39] in Goro district of the south Ethiopia and Cherenet et al [40] in Amhara region and Efa [38] in different PAs of Jimma Arjo district. The predominance of T. congolense infection in cattle suggests that the major cyclical vectors or Glossina species (G.m.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The prevalence of trypanosomes was relatively higher in male than female cattle with significant difference between the sex groups (P < 0:05). This finding is in agreement with Tewelde [43] in western Ethiopia and Efa [38] at Jimma Arjo district. This finding is not in agreement with study done by [44][45][46] who reported different results from Hawa Galan, Wolaita zone Kindo Konish district, Guto Gida district of east Wollega zone, and Mandura district northwest Ethiopia, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The current finding was lower than 14.2% of Abraham and Tesfaheywot Arbaminch araea and 17.33% of Zeleke report from South Ethiopia [ 34 – 37 ]. Moreover, Efa [ 38 ] reported lower (4.39%) prevalence rate from the same district. The lower prevalence of cattle trypanosomes in the present study might be due to the presence of strategic tsetse fly control measures carried out by the National Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Investigation and Control Center and Bedelle Regional Veterinary Laboratory in the study area for the last years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomosis and Temporal Vector Distribution in Jima Arjo District, Upper Didessa Valley, Western Ethiopia

Abdeta

Deresa

Haile

2022

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Trypanosomosis is a protozoan disease, mostly transmitted by the tsetse fly, Glossina species, which causes severe disease of livestock in Ethiopia. The disease is also widespread across the globe especially in sub-Saharan African states. A cross-sectional study with the objectives of determining the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and assess the apparent densities of the disease vectors was conducted from October 2019 to July 2020 G.C in Jima Arjo district, east Wollega zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. A parasitological study using conventional buffy coat technique was employed for the determination of prevalence of trypanosomosis and species was identified by Giemsa stain technique, while baited traps were used for the vector survey. The results of parasitological study revealed that the overall prevalence was 36 (8.2%) at 95% CI. From the total trypanosome positive animals 22 (5.0%), 8 (1.82%) and 6 (1.36%) of them harbor T. congolense, T. vivax, and T. brucei, respectively. Relatively higher prevalence (10.91%) was seen in animals with poor body condition than those with medium (7.38%) and good (5.55%), body condition though it is not statistically significant ( P > 0.05 ). Higher infection rate was observed in male 26 (12.26%) than female 10 (4.39%) due to male cattle more exposed to the tsetse fly area or early released from home for drought reason. Out of the total positive animals, only 12 of them were anemic on buffy coat test of sampled blood. This justifies that animal could be positive for trypanosomosis without showing clinical sign of anemia which is the dominant sign in this disease. A total of 2185 vectors trypanosomes were collected among which 1,569 were tsetse flies and 616 were other biting flies. The density of Glossina species was 15.1 fly/trap/day. Glossina morsitans submorsitans and G. tachnoides were the two dominant species of tsetse flies recorded from the area. The present study indicated that tsetse and non-tsetse fly-borne trypanosomosis is a leading bottle neck for production and health of animals in Jima Arjo districts and similar case was found throughout the country which necessitates a coordinated vector and parasite control in order to alleviate the problem of the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomosis and Temporal Vector Distribution in Jima Arjo District, Upper Didessa Valley, Western Ethiopia

Abdeta

Deresa

Haile

2022

Journal of Parasitology Research

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“…The agro-ecology of the district was highland (18%), midland (62%), and lowland (20%) with an average of 2417 mm annual rainfall. The monthly average of temperature the district varies from 12 to 22°C (Bekuma et al, 2020;Efa, 2021). Gudeya Bila district is located 274 km west of Finfinne (the capital city of the country) with geographical coordinates of 09°17 ' N and 37°01 ' 46 '' E latitude and longitude, respectively with ranging of altitude 1100 to 2400 meters above sea level.…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Market Outlet Choices of Tef Producers in Western Ethiopia: Evidence of Multivariate Probit Model

Degefa

Biru

Abebe

2022

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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This study was required to assess the existing tef market outlets and examine factors affecting market outlet choices among smallholder tef producers in western Ethiopia. For this study qualitative and quantitative data were collected from tef producers. Purposive and multi-stage sampling technique was used to determine sample households. The descriptive statistics and multivariate probit model were employed to analyze the collected data. The result shows that there are five alternative main market outlets available for the tef producers that are wholesalers, collectors, cooperatives, consumers, and retailers. These market outlets were affected by household’s demographic such as age, gender, education level, and household size), socio-economics (land allocated for tef, a variety used, livestock holding, and off/non-farm activities), institutional (credit, extension, and market information), and market (volume of tef produced, own transport facility, and nearest market) factors. Based on the findings strengthening farmers’ skills and knowledge through training, advising, and supervision; capacitate farmers by the additional work atmosphere and empowering women farmers by improved variety, working capital, and other recommendations are need attention by respective sectors.

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Prevalence of pathogenic trypanosome species in naturally infected cattle of three sleeping sickness foci of the south of Chad

et al. 2022

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Although a diversity of trypanosome species have been detected in various animal taxa from human African trypanosomosis (HAT) foci, cattle trypanosomosis has not been addressed in HAT foci of west and central African countries including Chad. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pathogenic trypanosome species in cattle from three HAT foci of the south of Chad. Blood samples were collected from 1466 randomly selected cattle from HAT foci of Mandoul, Maro, and Moïssala in the south of Chad. For each animal, the sex, age and body condition were recorded. Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was used to search Trypanosoma brucei gambiense antibodies while the capillary tube centrifugation (CTC) test and PCR-based methods enabled to detect and identify trypanosome species. From the 1466 cattle, 45 (3.1%) were positive to RDT. The prevalence of trypanosome infections revealed by CTC and PCR-based method were respectively 2.7% and 11.1%. Trypanosomes of the subgenus Trypanozoon were dominant (6.5%) followed by T. congolense savannah (2.9%), T. congolense forest (2.5%) and T. vivax (0.8%). No animal was found with DNA of human infective trypanosome (T. b. gambiense). The overall prevalence of trypanosome infections was significantly higher in animal from the Maro HAT focus (13.8%) than those from Mandoul (11.1%) and Moïssala HAT foci (8.0%). This prevalence was also significantly higher in animal having poor body condition (77.5%) than those with medium (11.2%) and good (0.5%) body condition. The overall prevalence of single and mixed infections were respectively 9.4% and 1.6%. This study revealed natural infections of several pathogenic trypanosome species in cattle from different HAT foci of Chad. It showed similar transmission patterns of these trypanosome species and highlighted the need of developing control strategies for animal African trypanosomosis (AAT) with the overarching goal of improving animal health and the economy of smallholder farmers.

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Bovine Trypanosomiasis Epidemiology and Tsetse Fly Density in Jimma Arjo District, East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomosis and Temporal Vector Distribution in Jima Arjo District, Upper Didessa Valley, Western Ethiopia

Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomosis and Temporal Vector Distribution in Jima Arjo District, Upper Didessa Valley, Western Ethiopia

Determinants of Market Outlet Choices of Tef Producers in Western Ethiopia: Evidence of Multivariate Probit Model

Prevalence of pathogenic trypanosome species in naturally infected cattle of three sleeping sickness foci of the south of Chad

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