Brachial Artery Vasospasm Caused by Cervical Dorsal Root Ganglion Degeneration After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

Kayacı, Selim; Çakır, Tayfun; Aydın, Mehmet Dumlu; Kanat, Ayhan; Ömeroğlu, Muhammed; Akın, Levent; Kantarcı, Abdulmecit; Diyarbakırlı, Semih; Demirci, Elif

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2019.03.007

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The injection of clean blood into the cisterna magna is one of the most commonly used methods of inducing SAH in a rabbit model. 25 In this study, the blood coming into the 4th ventricle via the cisterna magna entered the subarachnoid space via the foramen of Luschka. Thereby, leading to the development of spinal SAH.…”

Section: Sah and Spasticitymentioning

confidence: 83%

“…26,27 Another studies have shown that spinal SAH may also lead to neurodegeneration in the dorsal root ganglion, which results in vasospasms in arteries, such as the brachial artery, anterior spinal artery and artery of Adamkiewicz. 20,25,28,29 Thus far, the relationship between spasticity and neurodegenerative change after SAH has not been assessed. In this study, we first investigated this issue.…”

Section: Sah and Spasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 5) Neuronal degeneration also occurred in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) after inducing spinal SAH. 25 This may also be a progenitor factor for spasticity.…”

Section: Independent Variables Associated With the Outcome Of The Experimental Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between subarachnoid and central canal hemorrhage and spasticity: A first experimental study

Kayacı

Aydın

Özöner

et al. 2019

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Objective: Spastic disorders are considered as important cerebral complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, there has been no research concerning the pathophysiological mechanism of its link with the spinal cord. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the development of spasticity and neuronal degeneration after SAH and increase in spinal cord pressure after central canal hemorrhage (CCH). Participants: Twenty-three rabbits were included. Outcome measures: Of all rabbits, 5, 5, and 13 were allocated in the control, SHAM and study groups, respectively. Moreover, 1 cc of saline and 1 cc of autologous arterial blood were injected into the cisterna magna of the SHAM and study groups, respectively. The Muscle spasticity tension values (MSTVs) were determined according to the modified Ashworth scale. Degenerated neuron densities (DND) in the gray matter (GM) of each animal's spinal cord were stereologically calculated. Results: The average MSTV of each group was as follows: control group (n = 5) 2; SHAM group (n = 5) 3-5; and study group (n = 13) 8-10. The DND values of the spinal cord of each group were as follows: control group, 2 ± 1/mm 3 ; SHAM group, 12 ± 3/mm 3 ; and study group, 34 ± 9/mm 3 . Results showed an important linear relationship between the MSTVs and the DND of the spinal cord (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Spasticity may be attributed to other causes such as ischemic neurodegenerative process that develops after spinal SAH and the de-synchronization of the flexor-extensor muscles due to the spontaneous discharge of interneuronal structures, which are crossed within the spinal cord owing to the build-up of pressure after CCH.

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Section: Sah and Spasticitymentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Sah and Spasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship between subarachnoid and central canal hemorrhage and spasticity: A first experimental study

Kayacı

Aydın

Özöner

et al. 2019

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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“…It can also stimulate the synthesis and release of arachidic acids, ET-1 and other vasoconstrictive substances, inhibit the synthesis of vasodilators and stimulate smooth muscle contraction, thereby aggravating vasospasm. [12][13][14] Clinically, cerebral vasospasm after SAH is usually treated by maintaining blood volume and blood pressure, adding colloid fluid and intravenous dopamine drops when necessary. This method can increase the cerebral blood volume and improve the prognosis of patients, but its application in CVS treatment is still controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on efficacy of compound dextran combined with atorvastatin calcium in patients with CVS caused by SAH based on TCD blood flow indexes

Ma¹,

Gan²,

Su³

et al. 2022

Pak J Med Sci

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Objectives: To analyze the effects of compound dextran combined with atorvastatin calcium on blood flow indexes, peroxidase 2 (Prx2) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in patients with cerebral vasospasm (CVS) caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: One hundred patients with CVS caused by SAH treated in Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were divided into observation group and control group. The control group was treated with atorvastatin calcium tablets, while the observation group was additionally treated with compound dextran. The hospital stays, Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels before and five days after treatment were recorded. The hemodynamic parameters of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the serum levels of Prx2 and ET-1 were detected. Results: After treatment, GOS and Hct levels in the observation group were both higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the mean and peak velocities of the MCA in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of Prx2 and ET-1 in the observation group were significantly lower compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found in the incidences of adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Compound dextran combined with atorvastatin calcium can effectively enhance clinical efficacy, improve cerebral blood flow and reduce serum Prx2 and ET-1 levels in patients with CVS caused by SAH. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5504 How to cite this:Zhang Y, Ma F, Gan N, Su F, Song Z. Analysis on efficacy of compound dextran combined with atorvastatin calcium in patients with CVS caused by SAH based on TCD blood flow indexes. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5504 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…Vasospasm following SAH is one of the most challenging complications following SAH (Musluman et al., 2011). Vasospasm occurs in arteries such as the anterior spinal (Kanat et al., 2010) and Adamkiewicz artery (Ozturk et al., 2015; Kayacı et al., 2019; Turkmenoglu et al., 2017). Vasospastic blood vessels of the spinal cord may cause ischaemic neurodegeneration of the DRG (Aydin, Kanat, Yolas, Soyalp, et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First emerging evidence of the relationship between Onuf’s nucleus degeneration and reduced sperm number following spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage: Experimental study

et al. 2021

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Lumbosacral pathologies can lead to infertility. Onuf's nucleus changes in these pathologies may have a role in low sperm number. This study aims to investigate the relationship between Onuf's nucleus degeneration and sperm number following spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage. 22 rabbits were used. They were divided into three groups; five of them were used as the control (GI), five as the SHAM (GII) and twelve as the study groups (GIII). The study group received 0.7 ccs autologous blood into the spinal subarachnoid space at the T12‐L1 level. After two weeks, all animals were decapitated, and S1–S3 laminectomy was done. Neurodegenerative changes of Onuf's nucleus, pudendal ganglia (S3) following two weeks after spinal SAH, were examined; sperm numbers were calculated. Degenerated neuron density of the Onuf's nucleus (n/mm3), the pudendal ganglia (S3) (n/mm3) and mean sperm numbers were calculated as 5 ± 2, 8 ± 3/mm3 and 98.345 ± 12.776/mm3 in the control (GI), 20 ± 5/mm3, 243 ± 66/mm3 and 91.841 ± 9.654/mm3 in the SHAM (GII), 143 ± 39/mm3, 2,350 ± 320/mm3 and 68.549 ± 5.540/mm3 in the study group (GIII). In conclusion, there were statistically significant differences between groups. Onuf's nucleus may be responsible for decreased sperm number following spinal SAH.

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Brachial Artery Vasospasm Caused by Cervical Dorsal Root Ganglion Degeneration After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Relationship between subarachnoid and central canal hemorrhage and spasticity: A first experimental study

Relationship between subarachnoid and central canal hemorrhage and spasticity: A first experimental study

Analysis on efficacy of compound dextran combined with atorvastatin calcium in patients with CVS caused by SAH based on TCD blood flow indexes

First emerging evidence of the relationship between Onuf’s nucleus degeneration and reduced sperm number following spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage: Experimental study

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